{"category":{"slug":"world","name":"The World in London","blurb":"The homes, hideouts and workplaces of the people who came to London and went on to change other countries, and sometimes the world: liberators lodging in Marylebone, a tsar in Deptford, revolutionaries printing in Clerkenwell, composers, painters and exiles. Note this is mostly a listing of plaques you can walk past and look at, many are private homes. However, some are open as museums or public places. Please check.","all":"The World in London","see_also":null,"reading":"In 1848 the revolutions sweeping continental Europe forced Prince Klemens von Metternich from Vienna. For decades Metternich had been the great architect of conservative Europe, building a political order intended to contain nationalism and revolution after Napoleon. He escaped to England and lived for a time at 44 Eaton Square. Giuseppe Mazzini, who had devoted his life to creating the unified, republican Italy that Metternich's system was designed to prevent, was already living a few miles away. Then, in 1849, Karl Marx arrived in London after governments in Prussia, France and Belgium had all found reasons to expel him. Within a few years the defeated Hungarian revolutionary Lajos Kossuth and the Russian radical Alexander Herzen would join them. London had achieved something extraordinary: revolutionaries, dispossessed rulers, nationalists, socialists and the statesmen who had tried to suppress them could all find themselves living within a cab ride of one another.\n\nThis was not because Victorian Britain agreed with them. It agreed with almost none of them simultaneously. What London increasingly offered was something more useful: a place where foreigners could, within limits, live, publish and organise without automatically being surrendered to the government that wanted them back. The result was one of the strangest secondary roles in London's history. The capital of a growing empire also became the unofficial capital of people who had lost their countries, hoped to create new ones or intended to overthrow the governments of the ones they came from. Ideas subsequently associated with Italy, Russia, Latin America, India, China and revolutionary socialism were argued over in Bloomsbury lodgings, Soho rooms, Clerkenwell printing shops and Bayswater drawing rooms. In the twentieth century the pattern became even more literal: entire governments of occupied European countries operated from London streets.\n\nThere was already a much older history of refuge behind this. Religious persecution had repeatedly pushed people across the Channel, most famously the French Huguenots. After Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685 and effectively outlawed French Protestant worship, perhaps 40,000 to 50,000 Huguenots came to Britain, most settling in London. Their silk workshops transformed Spitalfields, while other refugees brought skills in watchmaking, goldsmithing, tailoring and numerous other trades. London had therefore learnt long before the age of political revolution that persecution elsewhere could send it unusually skilled, ambitious and interconnected newcomers. The idea of England as a refuge was never as uncomplicated or universally generous as later national mythology suggested, but by the nineteenth century it had become an important part of how Britain liked to imagine itself.\n\nOne of the most remarkable early political examples can still be found at 58 Grafton Way in Fitzrovia. Francisco de Miranda, the Venezuelan soldier, traveller and revolutionary, lived here from 1802 until 1810. He had fought in the American Revolution, travelled through Europe and Russia and become obsessed with liberating Spanish America. London suited him because British power could potentially be useful against Spain and because the city gave him access to politicians, publishers, intellectuals and an international communications network. From his house he published propaganda for Spanish-American independence and turned the address into something approaching a political headquarters. In 1810 a Venezuelan delegation arrived containing the young Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar, Luis L\u00f3pez M\u00e9ndez and Andr\u00e9s Bello. Miranda received them, introduced them into British political society and discussed the revolutionary future of their continent. Bol\u00edvar soon returned to South America; Bello remained in London for almost two decades. The modern house therefore marks an extraordinary moment when several of the people who would help create the intellectual and political foundations of independent Latin America were meeting in an ordinary London street.\n\nLondon's hospitality was politically indiscriminate. French royalists fled here when revolution or Napoleon made France dangerous for them; revolutionaries arrived when restored monarchies regained control. Louis-Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte lived in St James's during exile before returning to France in 1848, becoming president and then Napoleon III. After losing the Franco-Prussian War he would end his life in exile in England once again. The plaque marking his former King Street house, put up in 1867 while he was still Emperor, is now the oldest surviving commemorative plaque in London. The city could therefore serve as waiting room for a future emperor just as readily as it served as headquarters for people planning republics.\n\nIt was the defeated revolutions of 1848, however, that turned London into something resembling the political refugee capital of Europe. Governments fell, constitutions were promised, barricades appeared in major cities and nationalist movements challenged the great empires. Then much of the revolutionary wave collapsed. London filled with those who had lost. British politicians openly discussed the phenomenon in Parliament. In 1851 the House of Lords was told that it had long been British principle and practice to offer asylum to people driven from their countries by political or religious persecution \u2014 but the same debate complained that some refugees were using London as a base from which to organise revolution abroad. The House of Commons was soon discussing what one member simply called the problem of \u201cForeigners in London\u201d, including committees of exiled Italians, Germans, Poles, Hungarians and French republicans.\n\nNo figure better demonstrates the contradictions than Giuseppe Mazzini. He arrived in London in 1837 after years of conspiracy, imprisonment and exile generated by his attempts to replace the fragmented Italian states with a unified republic. London was initially miserable for him, but it gave him something continental police states generally would not: the ability to live under his own name, cultivate British supporters and continue political work. His activities extended beyond revolution. He helped establish a school for impoverished Italian boys in London, many of whom worked on the streets with organs and performing animals. Yet while Britain allowed Mazzini to remain, the British state was far from indifferent to what he was doing.\n\nIn 1844 Mazzini discovered that his letters had been secretly delayed, opened, copied and resealed at the Post Office. He complained to Parliament and the affair developed into a major political scandal. Parliamentary investigations eventually confirmed that the Home Secretary had authorised the interception and that information taken from Mazzini's correspondence had been communicated to a foreign government. Here was the ambiguity of British asylum in unusually clear form. Mazzini was free to live in London, publish his beliefs and argue for Italian revolution; the government nevertheless monitored him and was willing to use secret surveillance when his activities threatened Britain's diplomatic relationships. Britain offered refuge, not immunity.\n\nThe British government made roughly the same distinction during the refugee controversies after 1848. Foreigners were entitled to the protection of British law and, as ministers argued in Parliament, the same freedoms available to other people living in the country. They were not entitled to organise military attacks on friendly states from British soil. European monarchies found even that position infuriatingly permissive. In 1852 Parliament discussed diplomatic complaints from Russia, Austria, Prussia and France about revolutionary committees operating in London. Britain refused to adopt the continental assumption that the political enemies of another government should simply be removed. The principle hardened over the century: the Extradition Act of 1870 explicitly prevented surrender for offences of a political character.\n\nKarl Marx benefited from exactly this environment. Expelled repeatedly from continental Europe, he settled permanently in London in 1849 and stayed until his death in 1883. The irony of the location is difficult to improve upon. Marx chose \u2014 or was forced into \u2014 the capital of the world's most industrialised capitalist economy as the place from which to produce capitalism's most famous critique. For several years his family occupied cramped rooms at 28 Dean Street in Soho and suffered severe poverty; two of his young children died there. Yet London also gave Marx access to the extraordinary collections of the British Museum, where he researched for years, as well as to newspapers, economic data, political refugees and the commercial society he was attempting to understand. He worked on the ideas that became *Das Kapital* while living above what is now a restaurant in one of London's busiest entertainment districts.\n\nLondon did not merely protect ideas; its printing industry allowed them to travel back into countries where they could not legally be printed. Alexander Herzen arrived in 1852 after the collapse of his hopes for the European revolutions and established the Free Russian Press the following year. From London he printed Russian-language political material beyond the reach of Tsarist censorship. In 1857 he and Nikolai Ogaryov began *The Bell*, which was secretly carried into Russia and became highly influential in debates over serfdom and political reform. For a period, Herzen's London homes became destinations for progressive Russians travelling through western Europe. The city was functioning as a piece of communications infrastructure: ideas prohibited in St Petersburg could be written in London, printed in London and then smuggled back across the Russian frontier.\n\nHerzen himself did not romanticise his refuge. He sometimes found London alienating and dreary, just as Mazzini had before him. This is an important corrective to the comfortable modern image of cosmopolitan exile. Many of these people arrived without money, fluent English or any certainty that they would ever return home. Their London could consist of rented rooms, correspondence, political quarrels and endless attempts to raise funds. Marx's poverty in Soho was real. Mazzini repeatedly struggled financially. Exile could mean freedom from prison while still involving the loss of language, status, family and homeland. London was valuable precisely because it did not require newcomers to love it before allowing them to use it.\n\nBy the beginning of the twentieth century the Russian revolutionary world had established its own London geography. In 1902 Vladimir Lenin began working from the Twentieth Century Press at 37a Clerkenwell Green, sharing an office with its manager Harry Quelch. From here Lenin edited and printed *Iskra* \u2014 The Spark \u2014 which was then smuggled into Russia. The building is now the Marx Memorial Library, creating a slightly misleading historical coincidence: Marx himself is not known to have worked there, but Lenin certainly did. The small office survives as the Lenin Room. Clerkenwell was already an appropriate setting, with a long radical and printing tradition and regular political meetings on the Green outside.\n\nAnother revolutionary discovered that London's protections could extend even inside a diplomatic confrontation. In October 1896 Sun Yat-sen, then a little-known opponent of China's Qing government, was seized and detained inside the Chinese Legation on Portland Place. The plan was apparently to return him secretly to China, where his prospects would have been grim. News reached his former teacher James Cantlie and then the British authorities and press. The Foreign Office formally demanded Sun's release, describing his detention as an abuse of diplomatic privilege, and the Chinese minister released him on 23 October. Sun subsequently published an account titled *Kidnapped in London* and spent time studying in the British Museum. He later became the central revolutionary figure associated with the overthrow of China's imperial system and the foundation of the Republic of China. An attempt by a foreign government to make its political opponent disappear from London had instead made him internationally famous.\n\nBy then Britain's apparently open system was itself changing. The idea of the country as a refuge had always coexisted with hostility towards foreigners, especially when refugees were poor rather than famous. Large-scale Jewish migration from persecution in the Russian Empire generated intense political debate at the turn of the twentieth century. The Aliens Act 1905 introduced the beginnings of meaningful immigration control in the United Kingdom. Significantly, even this restrictive legislation contained an exemption protecting people fleeing political or religious persecution. The contradiction had become embedded in law: Britain was becoming more willing to exclude migrants while simultaneously preserving a special category for refugees.\n\nThere was another, still deeper contradiction. London was not merely a refuge from foreign empires. It was the capital of the British Empire, and over time people from Britain's own colonies learnt to use its freedoms, institutions and publicity against imperial rule. Not everyone involved was technically an exile, but they belonged to the same political ecosystem. Dadabhai Naoroji spent more than three decades of his life in London, became the first Indian elected to Parliament by popular vote and developed his devastating argument that British rule was draining wealth from India. His house in Penge became a meeting place for Indian visitors and nationalists. Several decades later Gandhi came to London for negotiations over India's constitutional future and deliberately stayed not in a grand West End hotel but at Kingsley Hall in Bow, living among an East End community while negotiating with the government of an empire he was trying to dismantle.\n\nMore radical Indian nationalism had its own London address. India House at 65 Cromwell Avenue in Highgate was established as a hostel and political centre for Indian students. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar lived there from 1906 to 1909, years critical to the development of his revolutionary politics and Hindu nationalism. The larger point is more interesting than any one ideology. Britain's imperial capital contained universities, libraries, newspapers, debating societies and legal protections that could be exploited by people studying the mechanisms of British power while simultaneously imagining a world without British rule. London was becoming a political school for some of its empire's future opponents.\n\nThe same phenomenon appeared beyond the empire. In 1863 five young men from the Ch\u014dsh\u016b domain, remembered now as the Ch\u014dsh\u016b Five, illegally left a Japan that was still largely closed and travelled to London. They were not refugees in the ordinary sense, but their story belongs to the same international London. At University College London they studied chemistry and toured factories, shipyards, banks and other British institutions. Their experience transformed their understanding of western industrial power. Among them was It\u014d Hirobumi, later Japan's first Prime Minister and one of the architects of its modern state. London could therefore influence political change abroad in two almost opposite ways: radicals came because their governments excluded them, while reformers came because they wanted to understand the industrial and institutional system that had made Britain powerful.\n\nThe arrival of fascism in continental Europe changed the nature of exile again. Now the people escaping to London included artists, scientists and intellectuals whose work itself had become politically unacceptable. Sigmund Freud fled Vienna following Nazi Germany's annexation of Austria in 1938 and eventually settled at 20 Maresfield Gardens in Hampstead. He managed to bring much of his consulting room with him, including his antiquities and his famous psychoanalytic couch, transforming an ordinary London house into something like a transplanted fragment of Vienna. Freud completed some of his final writing there before dying in 1939; his daughter Anna remained for another four decades and made London an important centre of child psychoanalysis. The house survives as the Freud Museum.\n\nA short walk away, the modernist Isokon Building became another improbable refuge. Walter Gropius, founder of the Bauhaus, Marcel Breuer and L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Moholy-Nagy all lived there during the 1930s after the increasingly hostile political climate surrounding the Bauhaus and the Nazi regime drove its leading figures out of continental Europe. Their presence helped feed European modernism into British architecture and design. The Austrian writer Stefan Zweig likewise made London his base after leaving Austria, writing at his Hallam Street flat while watching the European civilisation he had known deteriorate. London did not merely shelter these people. British culture absorbed things that authoritarian governments were expelling.\n\nThen, in 1940, the old tradition of political asylum reached an almost surreal culmination. Following the fall of France and the occupation of much of Europe, London became not simply a city of exiled politicians but a city of governments in exile. Charles de Gaulle established the headquarters of the Free French at 4 Carlton Gardens. The Netherlands government operated from Stratton House on Piccadilly. The Norwegian government established its headquarters in Knightsbridge. The Polish government, reconstructed after the German and Soviet invasions of Poland, moved from France to London after the French collapse and established its political centre here. Streets in Westminster temporarily housed competing fragments of sovereign Europe.\n\nDe Gaulle's London story is particularly characteristic. He arrived as a relatively junior French general refusing to accept his country's defeat and used the BBC to call for continued resistance. From Carlton Gardens he built the institutions of Free France, establishing an alternative source of French authority while the recognised government at Vichy collaborated with Germany. He would later return to France as one of the dominant political figures of the twentieth century and eventually found the Fifth Republic. London had once sheltered Napoleon III before he became French emperor; a century later it provided offices from which another future French head of state contested who had the right to speak for France at all.\n\nPoland's exile lasted far longer. After the war Britain and the United States withdrew recognition from the London-based Polish government when a Soviet-backed government assumed power in Warsaw. Yet the Polish government-in-exile did not simply dissolve. It maintained presidents, prime ministers, political institutions and the symbolic continuity of the pre-war republic for another 45 years. Polish political and cultural life established deep roots in London, supported by a large community unwilling or unable to return to communist-controlled Poland; the Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum, founded in Kensington in 1945, still keeps the exiled state's papers. Finally, in December 1990, the last president-in-exile, Ryszard Kaczorowski, travelled to Warsaw and handed the presidential insignia preserved in London to the democratically elected Lech Wa\u0142\u0119sa. A state that had effectively been kept in political storage in London returned its symbols of legitimacy half a century later.\n\nThis history is sometimes presented as evidence of an uncomplicated British love of liberty. It was nothing of the sort. Refugees were monitored. Mazzini's post was opened. Wartime Britain interned thousands of German, Austrian and Italian \u201cenemy aliens\u201d, including people who had themselves fled fascism. Poor migrants met a welcome very different from that offered to celebrity revolutionaries. Legislation increasingly restricted entry. British governments also remained capable of supporting authoritarian regimes abroad while allowing their opponents to live in London. The tradition survived precisely because it was pragmatic as well as principled. A powerful island state with relatively stable institutions could tolerate a degree of political dissent that more vulnerable regimes feared. Britain gained useful people, useful information and a reputation for liberalism; exiles gained physical safety, printing presses, libraries and access to the world's most internationally connected city.\n\nThe result is now scattered so thoroughly through London that it is easy not to notice. A plaque in Eaton Square marks Metternich. Marx is remembered above Dean Street. Mazzini survives on North Gower Street. Herzen is in Bayswater. Bol\u00edvar is on Duke Street, while Miranda and Bello share a Fitzrovia house. Lenin's tiny Clerkenwell office can still be entered. Freud's couch remains in Hampstead. De Gaulle's headquarters survives in St James's. Napoleon III is commemorated by London's oldest surviving plaque. These are not simply disconnected curiosities about famous foreigners. Together they form another map of the city.\n\nAnd it is a surprisingly consequential map.\n\nFrom London, Miranda promoted the independence of Spanish America. Mazzini tried to build Italy. Marx attempted to explain and overturn capitalism. Herzen addressed Russia beyond the Tsar's censor. Lenin edited material intended to provoke Russian revolution. Sun Yat-sen emerged from an attempted kidnapping with a global reputation and developed ideas for a new China. Indian nationalists argued against British imperial rule from within its own capital. De Gaulle claimed the right to represent a France that had been occupied. Polish politicians preserved the legal idea of an independent republic for decades after they had lost control of its territory.\n\nThey did not agree with one another. Many would have profoundly disliked one another. Their visions led to democracies, dictatorships, wars, liberation movements, nationalism and revolution in radically different forms. To celebrate the fact that London sheltered them is not to endorse everything they subsequently believed or created.\n\nWhat they shared was the experience of finding, temporarily or permanently, a city in which political defeat did not necessarily mean political silence.\n\nThat may be the most interesting reason to think of London as a capital of exiles. The city's historical importance does not come only from decisions made by British kings, ministers, generals and financiers. Some of the decisions that changed the outside world were conceived by people who were in London precisely because they had no power at home.\n\nThey rented rooms. They went to libraries. They printed newspapers. They argued in caf\u00e9s and drawing rooms, raised money, wrote letters and waited.\n\nThen, sometimes, they went back. And countries changed.","reading_title":"Capital of Exiles","reading_deck":"How London became a refuge, printing press, political headquarters and waiting room for revolutionaries, deposed rulers, nationalists and governments in exile.","reading_sources":[{"label":"Blue Plaques \u2014 English Heritage","url":"https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/blue-plaques/"},{"label":"Political Refugees in England, House of Lords, 27 March 1851 \u2014 Hansard","url":"https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1851/mar/27/political-refugees-in-england"},{"label":"Foreign Refugees, House of Commons, 1 April 1852 \u2014 Hansard","url":"https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1852/apr/01/foreign-refugees"},{"label":"Lenin and Marx House \u2014 Marx Memorial Library","url":"https://www.marx-memorial-library.org.uk/about/building-marx-house"},{"label":"The Aliens Act 1905 \u2014 House of Commons Library","url":"https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-10488/CBP-10488.pdf"}],"reading_cta":{"label":"View the map: The World in London","href":"/world/"},"reading_links":[{"phrase":"Prince Klemens von Metternich","name":"Prince Metternich","slug":"prince-metternich","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/prince-metternich/"},{"phrase":"Giuseppe Mazzini","name":"Giuseppe Mazzini","slug":"giuseppe-mazzini","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/giuseppe-mazzini/"},{"phrase":"Karl Marx","name":"Karl Marx","slug":"karl-marx","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/karl-marx/"},{"phrase":"Lajos Kossuth","name":"Lajos Kossuth","slug":"lajos-kossuth","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/lajos-kossuth/"},{"phrase":"Alexander Herzen","name":"Alexander Herzen","slug":"alexander-herzen","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/alexander-herzen/"},{"phrase":"Spitalfields","name":"Spitalfields & Brick Lane","slug":"spitalfields-brick-lane","cat":"Neighbourhoods","href":"/neighbourhoods/spitalfields-brick-lane/"},{"phrase":"Francisco de Miranda","name":"Francisco de Miranda and Andr\u00e9s Bello","slug":"francisco-de-miranda","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/francisco-de-miranda/"},{"phrase":"Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar","name":"Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar","slug":"simon-bolivar","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/simon-bolivar/"},{"phrase":"Napoleon III","name":"Napoleon III","slug":"napoleon-iii","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/napoleon-iii/"},{"phrase":"British Museum","name":"British Museum","slug":"british-museum","cat":"Museums","href":"/museums/british-museum/"},{"phrase":"Vladimir Lenin","name":"Lenin at Clerkenwell Green","slug":"marx-memorial-library","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/marx-memorial-library/"},{"phrase":"Marx Memorial Library","name":"Marx Memorial Library","slug":"marx-memorial-library","cat":"Power & 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Museum","slug":"freud-museum","cat":"Museums","href":"/museums/freud-museum/"},{"phrase":"Isokon Building","name":"The Isokon Bauhaus \u00e9migr\u00e9s","slug":"isokon-building","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/isokon-building/"},{"phrase":"Stefan Zweig","name":"Stefan Zweig","slug":"stefan-zweig","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/stefan-zweig/"},{"phrase":"4 Carlton Gardens","name":"Charles de Gaulle","slug":"charles-de-gaulle","cat":"The World in London","href":"/world/charles-de-gaulle/"},{"phrase":"Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum","name":"Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum","slug":"polish-institute-and-sikorski-museum","cat":"Museums","href":"/museums/polish-institute-and-sikorski-museum/"}],"reading_figure":{"of":"karl-marx/2","caption":"Karl Marx in 1875, photographed by John Mayall in London."},"reading_fig":{"src":"/img/karl-marx-2.jpg?v=4c428576","thumb":"/img/karl-marx-2-480.jpg?v=ed4dd564","width":714,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Karl 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Herzen","area":"Westbourne Green","address":"1 Orsett Terrace, W2 6AH","station":"Royal Oak","walk":4,"lat":51.517883,"lng":-0.183394,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8097134887","types":["c-ru","europe","exile","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Bayswater house of the exile whose newspaper the Tsar read before breakfast.","note":"Herzen inherited a fortune, lost his faith in Europe in 1848 and settled in London in 1852, where he founded the Free Russian Press, the first uncensored Russian printing house in the world. Its paper, Kolokol, the Bell, was smuggled into Russia by the thousand and read at court as well as in cellars; it is credited with pushing Alexander II towards freeing the serfs in 1861. He lived in this house from 1860 to 1863, the years the Bell was at its height, and wrote here the memoir, My Past and Thoughts, that Isaiah Berlin thought the best in Russian.\n\nThe reforms disappointed him and the young radicals disowned him, and he died in Paris in 1870. The plaque went up in 1970.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/alexander-herzen.jpg?v=7963469b","thumb":"/img/alexander-herzen-480.jpg?v=aa7802c2","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Alexander Herzen's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ALEXANDER_HERZEN_-_1_Orsett_Terrace_Bayswater_London_W2_6AH.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/alexander-herzen-2.jpg?v=6d1fa13f","thumb":"/img/alexander-herzen-2-480.jpg?v=eda283ef","width":800,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Alexander Herzen","caption":"","credit":"Photo by \u0413\u0435 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 (1831 -1894), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Herzen_ge.png","thumb_width":375}],"from":null,"country":"ru","country_name":"Russia","also":null,"years":"1860\u20131863","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Alexander Herzen, 1 Orsett Terrace, W2 6AH, London","in_area":{"slug":"bayswater-paddington","name":"Bayswater & Paddington"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Paddington Bear statue","s":"paddington-bear-statue","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":417},{"n":"Paddington station","s":"paddington-station","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":429},{"n":"FCB Coffee","s":"fcb-coffee-paddington","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":470}],"near_same":[{"s":"guglielmo-marconi","m":785},{"s":"richard-wagner","m":920},{"s":"david-ben-gurion","m":975},{"s":"w-h-hudson","m":1384},{"s":"lajos-kossuth","m":1394},{"s":"claudia-jones","m":1604}]},{"slug":"alexander-korda","name":"Alexander Korda","area":"Mayfair","address":"21\u201322 Grosvenor Street, W1K 4QJ","station":"Bond Street","walk":2,"lat":51.511854,"lng":-0.147035,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/4970940422","types":["c-hu","europe","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The office where a Hungarian \u00e9migr\u00e9 built the British film industry, and won it its first Oscar.","note":"Korda had made films in Budapest, Vienna, Berlin and Hollywood before he came to London in 1931 and founded London Films, with Big Ben as its trademark. From offices in this building on Grosvenor Street he produced The Private Life of Henry VIII in 1933, which made Charles Laughton a star, won the first Academy Award for a British film and persuaded the Prudential to finance the studios at Denham. Things to Come, The Four Feathers and The Thief of Bagdad followed, and later The Third Man.\n\nHe was knighted in 1942, the first film-maker to be, and died in 1956. The plaque went up in 2002.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/alexander-korda.jpg?v=20235f00","thumb":"/img/alexander-korda-480.jpg?v=96a62907","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The plaque to Alexander Korda","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Bartholomeus Thoth, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Alexander_Korda_blue_plaque_in_London_-_2015.JPG","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/alexander-korda-2.jpg?v=6c1a41ed","thumb":"/img/alexander-korda-2-480.jpg?v=5aa6519e","width":609,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Alexander Korda","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Macfadden Publications, Inc.; no photographer credited, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alexander-Korda-1936.jpg","thumb_width":285}],"from":null,"country":"hu","country_name":"Hungary","also":null,"years":"1932\u20131936","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Alexander Korda, 21\u201322 Grosvenor Street, W1K 4QJ, London","in_area":{"slug":"mayfair","name":"Mayfair"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Fumoir","s":"fumoir","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":81},{"n":"The Painter's Room","s":"the-painters-room","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":81},{"n":"Gagosian Davies Street","s":"gagosian-davies-street","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":97}],"near_same":[{"s":"handel-hendrix-house","m":144},{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":156},{"s":"john-adams","m":245},{"s":"talleyrand","m":269},{"s":"charles-x","m":496},{"s":"simon-bolivar","m":601}]},{"slug":"anna-pavlova","name":"Anna Pavlova","area":"North End","address":"Ivy House, North End Road, NW11 7SX","station":"Golders Green","walk":9,"lat":51.568571,"lng":-0.185348,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/1039210718","types":["c-ru","europe","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house on the edge of the Heath where Pavlova lived for twenty years and kept swans on the lake.","note":"Pavlova was the most famous dancer in the world, the Dying Swan of Fokine's solo, and after leaving the Imperial Ballet and the Ballets Russes she made London her home. She bought Ivy House in 1912, the house Turner had once lived in on the edge of Golders Hill, and lived here until her death in 1931, rehearsing her company in the studio, teaching in the ballroom and feeding the swans she kept on the pond in the garden. From here she toured the world for two decades, taking ballet to towns that had never seen it.\n\nShe died of pneumonia in The Hague and her ashes are at Golders Green crematorium, a few minutes away. The house is now a school; the plaque went up in 1956.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/anna-pavlova.jpg?v=07662a2a","thumb":"/img/anna-pavlova-480.jpg?v=ee545f9a","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"The plaque to Anna Pavlova at Ivy House","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anna_Pavlova_Lived_Here_1912-1931.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/anna-pavlova-2.jpg?v=1957580b","thumb":"/img/anna-pavlova-2-480.jpg?v=c63ed958","width":640,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Anna Pavlova","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Photography studio of the Imperial Mariinsky Theatre. St. Petersburg, Russian Empire., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anna_pavlova_-c._1905.jpg","thumb_width":300}],"from":null,"country":"ru","country_name":"Russia","also":null,"years":"1912\u20131931","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Anna Pavlova, Ivy House, North End Road, NW11 7SX, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Hampstead Observatory","s":"hampstead-observatory","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":962},{"n":"Fenton House","s":"fenton-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1146},{"n":"Burgh House & Hampstead Museum","s":"burgh-house-hampstead-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1353}],"near_same":[{"s":"nikolaus-pevsner","m":228},{"s":"paul-robeson","m":879},{"s":"rabindranath-tagore","m":891},{"s":"katherine-mansfield","m":1126},{"s":"tomas-masaryk","m":1186},{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":1281}]},{"slug":"b-r-ambedkar","name":"B. R. Ambedkar","area":"Primrose Hill","address":"10 King Henry's Road, NW3 3RP","station":"Chalk Farm","walk":4,"lat":51.542739,"lng":-0.157291,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/9677072269","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","inside","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Primrose Hill lodging of the Dalit student who wrote India's constitution.","note":"Ambedkar was born an untouchable in 1891 and became the most educated man in India, with doctorates from Columbia and the London School of Economics and a call to the bar from Gray's Inn. He lived here on King Henry's Road in 1921 and 1922 while finishing his London thesis on the rupee, on money borrowed against a promise to serve the Maharaja of Baroda. He went home to lead the untouchables' struggle, argued with Gandhi about who spoke for them, and in 1947 chaired the committee that drafted the constitution of independent India, which abolished untouchability in law.\n\nThe Government of Maharashtra bought the house in 2015 and keeps it as a memorial and museum to him. The plaque went up in 1991.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/b-r-ambedkar.jpg?v=9b721841","thumb":"/img/b-r-ambedkar-480.jpg?v=66aa63bb","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"B. R. Ambedkar's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:10_King_Henry%27s_Road_Primrose_Hill_London_NW3_3RP.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/b-r-ambedkar-2.jpg?v=355556ea","thumb":"/img/b-r-ambedkar-2-480.jpg?v=443b2910","width":786,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of B. R. Ambedkar","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dr._Bhimrao_Ambedkar.jpg","thumb_width":368}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1921\u20131922","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"B. R. Ambedkar, 10 King Henry's Road, NW3 3RP, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Sam's Cafe","s":"sams-cafe","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":353},{"n":"Roundhouse","s":"roundhouse","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":372},{"n":"Primrose Hill","s":"primrose-hill","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":495}],"near_same":[{"s":"jose-rizal","m":236},{"s":"sylvia-plath","m":240},{"s":"friedrich-engels","m":248},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":856},{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":914},{"s":"isokon-building","m":1074}]},{"slug":"benjamin-franklin-house","name":"Benjamin Franklin","area":"Covent Garden","address":"36 Craven Street, WC2N 5NF","station":"Charing Cross","walk":1,"lat":51.507651,"lng":-0.124892,"hours":[null,null,null,null,[12.0,17.0],[12.0,17.0],[12.0,17.0]],"hours_raw":"Fr-Su 12:00-17:00","hours_source":"web","hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":"https://benjaminfranklinhouse.org/","instagram":"benjaminfranklinhouse","attrs":[],"osm":"way/104081033","types":["c-us","inside","north-america","statesman","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The only Franklin home left anywhere in the world, where he spent sixteen years trying to keep America British.","note":"Franklin lived here from 1757 to 1775, first as the agent of Pennsylvania and in the end of four colonies, lobbying ministers and Parliament, and the longer he stayed the harder the job became. In this house he was examined by the Commons over the Stamp Act, invented the glass armonica, corresponded with half of Europe's scientists, and printed the pamphlets that argued a middle way. In 1774 he was humiliated before the Privy Council over the Hutchinson letters; in March 1775 he sailed home, and within a year had signed the Declaration of Independence.\n\nThe house is Georgian and largely as he knew it, opened as a museum in 2006 after a long restoration. The bones found in its basement belonged to an anatomy school run by his landlady's son-in-law, William Hewson, not to anything darker.","note_links":null,"regular":[{"what":"Chess Club","when":"Two Wednesdays a month, 16:00 to 18:00","price":"Ticketed, limited places","url":"https://benjaminfranklinhouse.org/events/","note":"Franklin played chess here and wrote an essay called The Morals of Chess; the dates go up on Eventbrite."}],"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/benjamin-franklin-house.jpg?v=c486cdaa","thumb":"/img/benjamin-franklin-house-480.jpg?v=acfd733e","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Benjamin Franklin House, 36 Craven Street, London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Ridiculopathy, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Benjamin_Franklin_House,_36_Craven_Street,_London.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":null,"from":"museums/benjamin-franklin-house","country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1757\u20131775","plaque":null,"whats_on":[{"slug":"historians-in-conversation-tom-cutterham-and-leanne-oboyle","name":"Historians in Conversation: Tom Cutterham and Leanne O'Boyle","href":"/science/benjamin-franklin-house/historians-in-conversation-tom-cutterham-and-leanne-oboyle/","verdict":"Britain's part in the American Revolution, argued in the house Franklin lived in.","runs":{"from":"2026-09-17","to":"2026-09-17"},"types":["history","talk"],"clue":["Lecture / talk","History"]},{"slug":"paint-powder-and-politics-hair-in-the-georgian-age","name":"Paint, Powder and Politics: Hair in the Georgian Age","href":"/science/benjamin-franklin-house/paint-powder-and-politics-hair-in-the-georgian-age/","verdict":"How a hairstyle told a room your politics.","runs":{"from":"2026-09-18","to":"2026-09-18"},"types":["fashion","history","talk"],"clue":["Lecture / talk","Fashion"]},{"slug":"world-news-day-book-drive","name":"World News Day Book Drive","href":"/science/benjamin-franklin-house/world-news-day-book-drive/","verdict":"Bring a book, get into Franklin's house free.","runs":{"from":"2026-09-28","to":"2026-09-28"},"types":["books","free"],"clue":["Books & writers"]},{"slug":"to-begin-the-world-over-again-the-life-of-thomas-paine","name":"To Begin the World Over Again: the Life of Thomas Paine","href":"/science/benjamin-franklin-house/to-begin-the-world-over-again-the-life-of-thomas-paine/","verdict":"A one-man play about the corset-maker who wrote Common Sense.","runs":{"from":"2026-10-15","to":"2026-10-15"},"types":["history","talk","theatre"],"clue":["Theatre","History"]},{"slug":"spooky-childrens-day","name":"Spooky Children's Day","href":"/science/benjamin-franklin-house/spooky-childrens-day/","verdict":"Butter churning, dressing up and a scavenger hunt through a Georgian house.","runs":{"from":"2026-10-27","to":"2026-10-27"},"types":["family","history","workshop"],"clue":["Make something","History"]}],"also_in":[{"name":"Museums","href":"/museums/benjamin-franklin-house/"},{"name":"Science & Engineering","href":"/science/benjamin-franklin-house/"}],"maps_q":"Benjamin Franklin, 36 Craven Street, WC2N 5NF, London","in_area":{"slug":"covent-garden","name":"Covent Garden"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"British Optical Association Museum","s":"british-optical-association-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":43},{"n":"Eleanor Cross","s":"eleanor-cross","c":"monuments","cn":"Monuments & Ruins","m":92},{"n":"Gordon's Wine Bar","s":"gordons-wine-bar","c":"wine","cn":"Wine","m":96}],"near_same":[{"s":"heinrich-heine","m":34},{"s":"voltaire","m":363},{"s":"claude-monet","m":422},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":472},{"s":"charles-de-gaulle","m":652},{"s":"ottobah-cugoano","m":778}]},{"slug":"bernardo-ohiggins","name":"Bernardo O'Higgins","area":"East Twickenham","address":"Clarence House, 2 The Vineyard, Richmond, TW10 6AQ","station":"Richmond","walk":8,"lat":51.457678,"lng":-0.302979,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7137067994","types":["c-cl","latin-america","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Chile's liberator as a lonely teenager, studying in a Richmond house and learning revolution from Miranda.","note":"O'Higgins was the illegitimate son of an Irish-born viceroy of Peru who never met him and sent him, at seventeen, to England to be educated. He lodged here at Clarence House between 1795 and 1798 in the care of a family called Perkins, studied under tutors, and made the acquaintance that shaped him: Francisco de Miranda, who taught him mathematics in London and, more usefully, the idea that Spanish America could govern itself.\n\nHe went home in 1802, and after Chile's own revolt began led its army through defeat and exile to the victory at Chacabuco in 1817, alongside San Mart\u00edn. As Supreme Director he founded the Chilean navy and abolished titles of nobility, and was pushed out in 1823 and died in Peru. The plaque was unveiled in 1994; the house is on a quiet lane a few minutes up from the river.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/bernardo-ohiggins.jpg?v=6d2516c3","thumb":"/img/bernardo-ohiggins-480.jpg?v=4a87aa74","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Bernardo O'Higgins's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BERNARDO_O%27HIGGINS_-_Clarence_House_2_The_Vineyard_Richmond_TW10_6AQ_01.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/bernardo-ohiggins-2.jpg?v=ec291d9a","thumb":"/img/bernardo-ohiggins-2-480.jpg?v=3cc963bf","width":802,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Bernardo O'Higgins","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Jos\u00e9 Gil de Castro, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ohiggins.jpg","thumb_width":376}],"from":null,"country":"cl","country_name":"Chile","also":null,"years":"1795\u20131798","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Bernardo O'Higgins, Clarence House, 2 The Vineyard, Richmond, TW10 6AQ, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Hagen","s":"hagen-east-twickenham","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":203},{"n":"Virginia Woolf statue, Richmond riverside","s":"virginia-woolf-statue-richmond-riverside","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":258},{"n":"Museum of Richmond","s":"museum-of-richmond","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":278}],"near_same":[{"s":"nellie-melba","m":5709},{"s":"sri-aurobindo","m":7197},{"s":"marcus-garvey","m":7431},{"s":"gandhi-the-student","m":7465},{"s":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","m":7895},{"s":"chaim-weizmann","m":8085}]},{"slug":"bob-marley","name":"Bob Marley","area":"Chelsea","address":"42 Oakley Street, SW3 5HA","station":"South Kensington","walk":14,"lat":51.484628,"lng":-0.167966,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8022256578","types":["c-jm","caribbean","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Chelsea house where Marley finished Exodus, a few months after someone tried to kill him.","note":"In December 1976 gunmen broke into Marley's house in Kingston and shot him, his wife and his manager two days before a peace concert; he played the concert and then left Jamaica. In early 1977 he lived here on Oakley Street, walking to the studios on Basing Street where Exodus was recorded and mixed, and playing football in Battersea Park. The album, with Jamming, One Love, Three Little Birds and Waiting in Vain, came out in June, and he called London his second base.\n\nThe plaque went up in 2019, the first English Heritage has given to a reggae musician. There is an earlier one, from the Nubian Jak trust, on the flat he shared in Ridgmount Gardens in 1972.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/bob-marley.jpg?v=25588dca","thumb":"/img/bob-marley-480.jpg?v=25c415d2","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Bob Marley's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BOB_MARLEY_1945-1981_Singer_and_Songwriter_lived_here_in_1977.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/bob-marley-2.jpg?v=2199eef9","thumb":"/img/bob-marley-2-480.jpg?v=1a80637d","width":655,"height":862,"alt":"Portrait of Bob Marley","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Dennis Morris; Distributed by Island Records, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bob_Marley_1976_press_photo.jpg","thumb_width":364}],"from":null,"country":"jm","country_name":"Jamaica","also":null,"years":"1977","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Bob Marley, 42 Oakley Street, SW3 5HA, London","in_area":{"slug":"chelsea","name":"Chelsea"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Carlyle's House","s":"carlyles-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":138},{"n":"Cheyne Walk","s":"cheyne-walk","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":160},{"n":"King's Road","s":"kings-road","c":"shopping","cn":"Shopping","m":299}],"near_same":[{"s":"mark-twain","m":457},{"s":"james-mcneill-whistler-house","m":522},{"s":"john-singer-sargent","m":556},{"s":"frederick-douglass","m":879},{"s":"bela-bartok","m":899},{"s":"francois-guizot","m":920}]},{"slug":"bela-bartok","name":"B\u00e9la Bart\u00f3k","area":"Brompton","address":"7 Sydney Place, SW7 3NL","station":"South Kensington","walk":3,"lat":51.492312,"lng":-0.172004,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8009960773","types":["c-hu","europe","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The South Kensington house where Bart\u00f3k stayed whenever he came to play, a guest of friends for fifteen years.","note":"Bart\u00f3k was the composer who went into the villages of Hungary, Romania and Slovakia with a phonograph and brought back the music that runs through everything he wrote. He came to London to perform regularly between 1922 and 1937, for the BBC and at the Wigmore and Aeolian halls, and each time stayed here on Sydney Place with Sir Duncan and Freda Wilson, who had adopted him. He hated hotels and the Wilsons' spare room became a fixed point in an unsettled life.\n\nHe left Hungary for New York in 1940 rather than stay in a country allied to Hitler, and died there in poverty in 1945; the Concerto for Orchestra was written in his last two years. The plaque went up in 1997.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/bela-bartok.jpg?v=51c30ed2","thumb":"/img/bela-bartok-480.jpg?v=f12b9982","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"B\u00e9la Bart\u00f3k's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bela_Bartok_-_7_Sydney_Place_South_Kensington_SW7.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/bela-bartok-2.jpg?v=e67d29ce","thumb":"/img/bela-bartok-2-480.jpg?v=71122bd2","width":764,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of B\u00e9la Bart\u00f3k","caption":"","credit":"Photo by RIA Novosti, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k_1943.jpg","thumb_width":358}],"from":null,"country":"hu","country_name":"Hungary","also":null,"years":"1922\u20131937","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"B\u00e9la Bart\u00f3k, 7 Sydney Place, SW7 3NL, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Hagen","s":"hagen","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":191},{"n":"Michelin House","s":"michelin-house","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":258},{"n":"Ma\u00eetre Choux","s":"maitre-choux","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":310}],"near_same":[{"s":"francois-guizot","m":59},{"s":"frederick-douglass","m":486},{"s":"mark-twain","m":870},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":887},{"s":"bob-marley","m":899},{"s":"jenny-lind","m":966}]},{"slug":"c-l-r-james","name":"C. L. R. James","area":"Herne Hill","address":"165 Railton Road, SE24 0LU","station":"Herne Hill","walk":5,"lat":51.456626,"lng":-0.105927,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8039445060","types":["c-tt","caribbean","thinker","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The room above a Brixton bookshop where the author of The Black Jacobins spent his last years.","note":"James came from Trinidad in 1932 to write about cricket and stayed to write The Black Jacobins, the history of the Haitian revolution that changed how the Atlantic world was understood, and to become one of the century's independent Marxists. He was deported from America in 1953, went home to help win independence and fell out with the government he had helped, and wrote Beyond a Boundary, the best book there is about cricket and much else.\n\nFrom 1981 he lived in a flat above the offices of Race Today, the collective run by his nephew Darcus Howe, at this address on Railton Road. Visitors found him in bed surrounded by books and the cricket on television. He died here in 1989; the plaque came in 2004.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/c-l-r-james.jpg?v=83a90bf2","thumb":"/img/c-l-r-james-480.jpg?v=264d488b","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"C. L. R. James's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:C.L.R._JAMES_-_165_Railton_Road_Brixton_London_SE24_0JX.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/c-l-r-james-2.jpg?v=c1d746ce","thumb":"/img/c-l-r-james-2-480.jpg?v=960fafe0","width":607,"height":807,"alt":"Portrait of C. L. R. James","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CLR_James,_1938.jpg","thumb_width":361}],"from":null,"country":"tt","country_name":"Trinidad and Tobago","also":null,"years":"1981\u20131989","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"C. L. R. James, 165 Railton Road, SE24 0LU, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Brockwell Lido","s":"brockwell-lido","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":401},{"n":"Hootananny Brixton","s":"hootananny-brixton","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":524},{"n":"The Laundry","s":"the-laundry-brixton","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":708}],"near_same":[{"s":"vincent-van-gogh","m":2092},{"s":"natsume-soseki","m":3057},{"s":"harold-moody","m":4003},{"s":"camille-pissarro","m":4496},{"s":"swami-vivekananda","m":4752},{"s":"jomo-kenyatta","m":4870}]},{"slug":"camille-pissarro","name":"Camille Pissarro","area":"Crystal Palace","address":"77A Westow Hill, SE19 1TX","station":"Crystal Palace","walk":7,"lat":51.41984,"lng":-0.078999,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/2047270268","types":["c-fr","europe","exile","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where the Impressionists' patriarch sat out the Franco-Prussian War, painting Norwood in the snow.","note":"Pissarro was born on St Thomas in the Danish West Indies, the son of a French Jewish merchant, and at forty was the steady centre of the group not yet called Impressionists. When the Prussians reached Louveciennes in 1870 he fled with Julie and the children to Upper Norwood, where his mother's family had taken refuge, and married Julie at Croydon register office. He painted a dozen pictures of the suburb, Fox Hill in snow, the Crystal Palace, the new railway station at Lordship Lane, and met Paul Durand-Ruel, the dealer who would keep the movement alive.\n\nHe went home in 1871 to find the Prussians had used his canvases as duckboards. The plaque on Westow Hill, where he lodged, went up in 1990.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/camille-pissarro.jpg?v=ffd33f36","thumb":"/img/camille-pissarro-480.jpg?v=70727b00","width":1024,"height":614,"alt":"The plaque to Camille Pissarro","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Robin Stott, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pissarro%27s_blue_plaque,_Crystal_Palace_-_geograph.org.uk_-_7589179.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/camille-pissarro-2.jpg?v=9360c6b1","thumb":"/img/camille-pissarro-2-480.jpg?v=e4542f24","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Camille Pissarro","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pissarro-portrait-c1900.jpg","thumb_width":360}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1870\u20131871","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Camille Pissarro, 77A Westow Hill, SE19 1TX, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Crystal Palace Terraces","s":"crystal-palace-terraces","c":"monuments","cn":"Monuments & Ruins","m":269},{"n":"Crystal Palace Subway","s":"crystal-palace-subway","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":275},{"n":"Crystal Palace Park","s":"crystal-palace-park","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":668}],"near_same":[{"s":"emile-zola","m":615},{"s":"ira-aldridge","m":637},{"s":"dadabhai-naoroji","m":1012},{"s":"c-l-r-james","m":4496},{"s":"harold-moody","m":6130},{"s":"vincent-van-gogh","m":6579}]},{"slug":"canaletto-in-beak-street","name":"Canaletto","area":"Soho","address":"41 Beak Street, W1F 9SB","station":"Piccadilly Circus","walk":4,"lat":51.51245,"lng":-0.137517,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5553823753","types":["c-it","europe","free","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Soho lodging where Canaletto had to prove he was Canaletto.","note":"Canaletto came to London in 1746 because the War of the Austrian Succession had stopped the English coming to Venice, and his English customers were the only ones he had. He lodged and worked in this house, then Silver Street, and painted the Thames from Somerset House and Westminster Bridge under construction, Whitehall, Vauxhall Gardens and the great houses of his patrons. The paintings were so unlike the Venice they knew that a rumour went round that the man in Soho was an impostor, and he took an advertisement inviting anyone to come and watch him paint.\n\nHe went home for good in about 1755. Westminster's plaque marks the lodging; the pictures are in the Royal Collection and the National Gallery.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/own-canaletto-house.jpg?v=2f221c04","thumb":"/img/own-canaletto-house-480.jpg?v=a04bcbb3","width":1024,"height":768,"thumb_width":480,"alt":"A blue plaque to Canaletto on the brick front of 41 Beak Street, below the street sign","caption":"The plaque on Beak Street, where he lodged."},"figures":null,"from":"art/canaletto-in-beak-street","country":"it","country_name":"Italy","also":null,"years":"1746\u20131756","plaque":"English Heritage","also_in":[{"name":"Art","href":"/art/canaletto-in-beak-street/"}],"maps_q":"Canaletto, 41 Beak Street, W1F 9SB, London","in_area":{"slug":"soho","name":"Soho"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Bread Ahead","s":"bread-ahead-soho","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":58},{"n":"Kingly Court","s":"kingly-court","c":"food-markets","cn":"Food Markets","m":65},{"n":"Disrepute","s":"disrepute","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":66}],"near_same":[{"s":"joseph-haydn","m":85},{"s":"karl-marx","m":378},{"s":"talleyrand","m":482},{"s":"mary-seacole","m":523},{"s":"handel-hendrix-house","m":581},{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":583}]},{"slug":"carl-maria-von-weber","name":"Carl Maria von Weber","area":"East Marylebone","address":"91 Great Portland Street, W1W 7NX","station":"Oxford Circus","walk":6,"lat":51.519516,"lng":-0.142567,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/3520843466","types":["c-de","europe","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house where the composer of Der Freisch\u00fctz died, having come to London to conduct his last opera.","note":"Weber was the founder of German romantic opera and was dying of tuberculosis when Covent Garden commissioned Oberon. He came to London in March 1826 knowing he would not go home, conducted the premiere in April to a triumph, sat through a benefit concert he could barely stand for, and died in his sleep here on 5 June 1826, in the house of his host Sir George Smart. He was buried at Moorfields; in 1844 Wagner had the coffin brought back to Dresden and spoke at the grave.\n\nThe plaque went up in 1949, on a house that has since become offices, which is often the way.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/carl-maria-von-weber.jpg?v=592a7091","thumb":"/img/carl-maria-von-weber-480.jpg?v=11fc2e62","width":1024,"height":1024,"alt":"The plaque to Carl Maria von Weber","caption":"","credit":"Photo by A J Paxton, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Plaque_commemorating_Carl_Maria_von_Weber,_103_Portland_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_8062004.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/carl-maria-von-weber-2.jpg?v=5a3cc59a","thumb":"/img/carl-maria-von-weber-2-480.jpg?v=0254bf43","width":785,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Carl Maria von Weber","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Caroline Bardua, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Caroline_Bardua_-_Bildnis_des_Komponisten_Carl_Maria_von_Weber.jpg","thumb_width":368}],"from":null,"country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":null,"years":"1826","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Carl Maria von Weber, 91 Great Portland Street, W1W 7NX, London","in_area":{"slug":"marylebone","name":"Marylebone"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"George Orwell statue, Broadcasting House","s":"george-orwell-statue-broadcasting-house","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":86},{"n":"Broadcasting House","s":"broadcasting-house","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":100},{"n":"Attendant","s":"attendant-foley","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":133}],"near_same":[{"s":"stefan-zweig","m":148},{"s":"olaudah-equiano","m":256},{"s":"hector-berlioz","m":491},{"s":"francisco-de-miranda","m":544},{"s":"talleyrand","m":673},{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":752}]},{"slug":"cetshwayo","name":"Cetshwayo kaMpande","area":"Kensington","address":"18 Melbury Road, W14 8LS","station":"Kensington (Olympia)","walk":7,"lat":51.499249,"lng":-0.202202,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7429209204","types":["africa","c-za","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Holland Park house where the King of the Zulus stayed while petitioning the Queen for his kingdom back.","note":"Cetshwayo's army destroyed a British column at Isandlwana in 1879 and was destroyed in turn at Ulundi six months later; he was captured and held at the Cape. In August 1882 he was allowed to come to London to argue for his restoration, and stayed here on Melbury Road, where the crowds outside grew so large that the police had to move them on. He was received by Gladstone and by Victoria at Osborne, and impressed everyone with his dignity and his size. He got back a third of his kingdom, went home to a civil war and died in 1884.\n\nThe plaque, from 2019, is on a house that also carries William Holman Hunt's, an unlikely pairing on one wall.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/cetshwayo.jpg?v=30d8595b","thumb":"/img/cetshwayo-480.jpg?v=a7d4f083","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Cetshwayo kaMpande's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CETSHWAYO_and_WILLIAM_HOLMAN-HUNT_-_18_Melbury_Road_Holland_Park_London_W14_8LT.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/cetshwayo-2.jpg?v=dab627e5","thumb":"/img/cetshwayo-2-480.jpg?v=83abb077","width":871,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Cetshwayo kaMpande","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Original uploader was Humansdorpie at en.wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cetshwayo-c1875.jpg","thumb_width":408}],"from":null,"country":"za","country_name":"South Africa","also":null,"years":"1882","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Cetshwayo kaMpande, 18 Melbury Road, W14 8LS, London","in_area":{"slug":"notting-hill-holland-park","name":"Notting Hill & Holland Park"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Leighton House Museum","s":"leighton-house-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":93},{"n":"Design Museum","s":"design-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":157},{"n":"Kyoto Garden, Holland Park","s":"kyoto-garden-holland-park","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":328}],"near_same":[{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":289},{"s":"chaim-weizmann","m":448},{"s":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","m":541},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":644},{"s":"ezra-pound","m":731},{"s":"t-s-eliot","m":1000}]},{"slug":"chaim-weizmann","name":"Chaim Weizmann","area":"Kensington","address":"67 Addison Road, W14 8JL","station":"Kensington (Olympia)","walk":4,"lat":51.500342,"lng":-0.208435,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/225719393","types":["asia-pacific","c-il","statesman","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house of the chemist whose acetone process helped win a war and whose lobbying won a declaration.","note":"Weizmann was born near Pinsk, taught chemistry at Manchester and in 1915 devised a way of making acetone by fermentation, which the Admiralty needed for cordite; the government took him to London and he lived here on Addison Road from 1916 to 1919. The work brought him to Balfour and Lloyd George, and the Balfour Declaration of November 1917, promising British support for a Jewish national home in Palestine, was in large part the product of conversations he had in those years.\n\nHe became the first President of Israel in 1949 and died in 1952. The plaque was put up in 1980; the flag is Israel's, a country that did not exist while he lived here and which he did more than most to bring about.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/chaim-weizmann.jpg?v=a7140209","thumb":"/img/chaim-weizmann-480.jpg?v=b308b685","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Chaim Weizmann's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CHAIM_WEIZMANN_-_67_Addison_Road_Holland_Park_London_W14_8JL.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/chaim-weizmann-2.jpg?v=f1acda7f","thumb":"/img/chaim-weizmann-2-480.jpg?v=c827a10c","width":685,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Chaim Weizmann","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Hugo Mendelson, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_(GPO)_-_President_Chaim_Weizmann_(retouched).jpg","thumb_width":321}],"from":null,"country":"il","country_name":"Israel","also":["Belarus"],"years":"1916\u20131919","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Chaim Weizmann, 67 Addison Road, W14 8JL, London","in_area":{"slug":"notting-hill-holland-park","name":"Notting Hill & Holland Park"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Debenham House","s":"debenham-house","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":235},{"n":"Kyoto Garden, Holland Park","s":"kyoto-garden-holland-park","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":407},{"n":"Leighton House Museum","s":"leighton-house-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":417}],"near_same":[{"s":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","m":207},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":448},{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":712},{"s":"lao-she","m":976},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":1068},{"s":"ezra-pound","m":1096}]},{"slug":"charles-de-gaulle","name":"Charles de Gaulle","area":"St James's","address":"4 Carlton Gardens, SW1Y 5AA","station":"Piccadilly Circus","walk":6,"lat":51.505627,"lng":-0.133743,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8090874380","types":["c-fr","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house from which Free France was governed, when France itself had surrendered.","note":"De Gaulle landed in London on 17 June 1940 with a suitcase and no authority, and the next evening spoke on the BBC to tell the French that the war was not over. By July he had these rooms in Carlton Gardens as the headquarters of the Free French, and for three years the government of a country that did not officially exist was run from here: the recruitment of the forces, the broadcasts, the quarrels with Churchill and the long argument with Washington over who spoke for France.\n\nHe moved the headquarters to Algiers in 1943 and entered Paris in August 1944. His statue stands across the road, and the plaque carries the words of his poster: France has lost a battle, but France has not lost the war.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/charles-de-gaulle.jpg?v=9e3a5663","thumb":"/img/charles-de-gaulle-480.jpg?v=a48b63bd","width":640,"height":480,"alt":"The plaque to Charles de Gaulle","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Basher Eyre, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blue_plaque_in_Carlton_Gardens_for_General_de_Gaulle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2183133.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":null,"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1940\u20131943","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Charles de Gaulle, 4 Carlton Gardens, SW1Y 5AA, London","in_area":{"slug":"st-jamess","name":"St James's"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"George VI and Queen Elizabeth memorial","s":"george-vi-and-queen-elizabeth-memorial","c":"royal","cn":"Royal London","m":45},{"n":"Philip Mould & Company","s":"philip-mould-company","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":143},{"n":"Duke of York Column","s":"duke-of-york-column","c":"monuments","cn":"Monuments & Ruins","m":158}],"near_same":[{"s":"ottobah-cugoano","m":136},{"s":"napoleon-iii","m":237},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":283},{"s":"frederic-chopin","m":393},{"s":"giuseppe-garibaldi","m":422},{"s":"benjamin-franklin-house","m":652}]},{"slug":"charles-x","name":"Charles X","area":"Mayfair","address":"72 South Audley Street, W1K 1JB","station":"Green Park","walk":8,"lat":51.508275,"lng":-0.151316,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5907499367","types":["c-fr","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"A king of France in exile before he was king, on a Mayfair street for nine years.","note":"As the Comte d'Artois, the youngest brother of Louis XVI, he left France in 1789 in the first week of the Revolution and spent a quarter of a century abroad, first at Holyrood in Edinburgh, then from 1805 to 1814 in this house. He had money from the British government, a mistress, Louise de Polastron, who died here in 1804, and an unshakeable conviction that nothing in France needed to change.\n\nHe proved it. Restored with his brother in 1814 and king himself in 1824, he ruled for six years as though the Revolution had not happened, and in 1830 was deposed in three days. He went into exile again, to Britain and then Prague, and died in Gorizia in 1836, the last Bourbon king of France.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/charles-x.jpg?v=decc1e25","thumb":"/img/charles-x-480.jpg?v=5b64c29c","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Charles X's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_X_-_72_South_Audley_Street_Mayfair_London_W1K_1JB.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/charles-x-2.jpg?v=8233f874","thumb":"/img/charles-x-2-480.jpg?v=c6ce5daa","width":675,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Charles X","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Thomas Lawrence, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Thomas_Lawrence_(1769-1830)_-_Charles_X_(1757-1836),_King_of_France_-_RCIN_405138_-_Royal_Collection.jpg","thumb_width":316}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1805\u20131814","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Charles X, 72 South Audley Street, W1K 1JB, London","in_area":{"slug":"mayfair","name":"Mayfair"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"James Purdey & Sons","s":"james-purdey-sons","c":"classic-british-shops","cn":"Classic British Shops","m":123},{"n":"The Bar at The Dorchester","s":"the-bar-at-the-dorchester","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":130},{"n":"Mount Street Gardens","s":"mount-street-gardens","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":135}],"near_same":[{"s":"john-adams","m":481},{"s":"alexander-korda","m":496},{"s":"handel-hendrix-house","m":640},{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":652},{"s":"talleyrand","m":763},{"s":"frederic-chopin","m":865}]},{"slug":"chiang-yee","name":"Chiang Yee","area":"Maitland Park","address":"50 Parkhill Road, NW3 2YT","station":"Belsize Park","walk":5,"lat":51.550418,"lng":-0.158282,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/99369337","types":["asia-pacific","c-cn","painter","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The home of the Silent Traveller, who drew London in Chinese brush and ink and taught the English to see it.","note":"Chiang Yee was a county governor in Jiangxi who resigned in disgust at corruption and came to London in 1933 to study, and stayed twenty-two years. The Silent Traveller in London, published in 1938 with his own paintings of Hyde Park in snow and the Thames in fog, sold out and was followed by a dozen more, Lakeland, Oxford, Edinburgh, each showing an English place through a Chinese eye. He taught at the School of Oriental Studies and wrote the standard English introduction to Chinese calligraphy. He lived in this house on Parkhill Road, in the artists' corner of Hampstead.\n\nHe went to America in 1955 and, in 1975, home to China for the first time in forty-two years; he died in Beijing in 1977.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":null,"figures":null,"from":null,"country":"cn","country_name":"China","also":null,"years":null,"plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Chiang Yee, 50 Parkhill Road, NW3 2YT, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Redemption Roasters","s":"redemption-roasters","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":809},{"n":"Badiani Hampstead Heath","s":"badiani-hampstead-heath","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":816},{"n":"Parliament Hill Lido","s":"parliament-hill-lido","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":828}],"near_same":[{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":61},{"s":"isokon-building","m":310},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":856},{"s":"sylvia-plath","m":1082},{"s":"jose-rizal","m":1087},{"s":"elias-canetti","m":1097}]},{"slug":"claude-monet","name":"Claude Monet","area":"Covent Garden","address":"The Savoy, Strand, WC2R 0EZ","station":"Embankment","walk":4,"lat":51.510124,"lng":-0.120257,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":"https://www.thesavoylondon.com/","instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/95199889","types":["c-fr","europe","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The hotel window from which Monet painted the Thames in fog, nearly a hundred times.","note":"Monet first saw London in 1870, a refugee from the Franco-Prussian War painting the Pool and Westminster in a grey he never forgot. He came back thirty years later, in the winters of 1899, 1900 and 1901, and took rooms on the Savoy's river front with a balcony facing Waterloo Bridge one way and Charing Cross Bridge the other. He painted from the window in the mornings and crossed to St Thomas' Hospital in the afternoons for the Houses of Parliament, working on dozens of canvases at once as the fog changed, and finishing them in Giverny.\n\nThirty-seven of the London pictures were shown in Paris in 1904; the whole series runs to nearly a hundred. The hotel is still there, and so, on a bad day, is the light.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/claude-monet.jpg?v=625730bb","thumb":"/img/claude-monet-480.jpg?v=7ce9cf1a","width":1024,"height":582,"alt":"The Savoy Hotel from the Strand","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Colin Smith, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_-_Savoy_Hotel_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5280283.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/claude-monet-2.jpg?v=a9a05b90","thumb":"/img/claude-monet-2-480.jpg?v=e9df337d","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Claude Monet","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Nadar, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Claude_Monet_1899_Nadar_crop.jpg","thumb_width":360}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1899\u20131901","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Claude Monet, The Savoy, Strand, WC2R 0EZ, London","in_area":{"slug":"covent-garden","name":"Covent Garden"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"American Bar at The Savoy","s":"american-bar","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":16},{"n":"Beaufort Bar","s":"beaufort-bar","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":16},{"n":"Michael Faraday statue, Savoy Place","s":"michael-faraday-statue-savoy-place","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":97}],"near_same":[{"s":"voltaire","m":192},{"s":"benjamin-franklin-house","m":422},{"s":"heinrich-heine","m":426},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":832},{"s":"karl-marx","m":959},{"s":"mary-seacole","m":1039}]},{"slug":"claudia-jones","name":"Claudia Jones","area":"North Kensington","address":"Tavistock Road at Portobello Road, W11 1AN","station":"Ladbroke Grove","walk":4,"lat":51.518056,"lng":-0.206577,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/9993527818","types":["c-tt","campaigner","caribbean","exile"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The founder of Britain's Caribbean carnival, on the corner of the streets it now fills.","note":"Jones was born in Trinidad in 1915 and raised in Harlem, where she became a communist organiser and the most prominent Black woman on the American left. The United States imprisoned her and deported her in 1955, and Britain, to its lasting benefit, took her in. In Brixton she founded the West Indian Gazette, the first Black newspaper in the country, and after the Notting Hill riots of 1958 she organised a Caribbean carnival at St Pancras Town Hall in January 1959, to show what the community was. Notting Hill Carnival is its descendant.\n\nShe died in 1964 and is buried at Highgate, next to Karl Marx. The plaque stands where Tavistock Road meets Portobello Road, in the middle of the route.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/claudia-jones.jpg?v=3192c5f3","thumb":"/img/claudia-jones-480.jpg?v=35113a02","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The plaque to Claudia Jones","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Matt Brown, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Claudia_Jones_plaque,_Notting_Hill.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/claudia-jones-2.jpg?v=96ba62af","thumb":"/img/claudia-jones-2-480.jpg?v=5f0e38e0","width":858,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Claudia Jones","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Anthony Camerano (1909\u20131973) for the Associated Press, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Claudia_Jones_1951.jpg","thumb_width":402}],"from":null,"country":"tt","country_name":"Trinidad and Tobago","also":null,"years":"1955\u20131964","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Claudia Jones, Tavistock Road at Portobello Road, W11 1AN, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Darlish Notting Hill","s":"darlish-notting-hill","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":170},{"n":"Fabrique Bakery","s":"fabrique-bakery","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":172},{"n":"Portobello Road Market","s":"portobello-road-market","c":"food-markets","cn":"Food Markets","m":241}],"near_same":[{"s":"w-h-hudson","m":290},{"s":"jawaharlal-nehru","m":456},{"s":"lajos-kossuth","m":750},{"s":"guglielmo-marconi","m":852},{"s":"lao-she","m":1135},{"s":"richard-wagner","m":1405}]},{"slug":"dadabhai-naoroji","name":"Dadabhai Naoroji","area":"Crystal Palace","address":"72 Anerley Park, SE20 8NQ","station":"Penge West","walk":5,"lat":51.416061,"lng":-0.06572,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":null,"types":["asia-pacific","c-in","campaigner","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Penge home of the first Indian elected to Parliament, who proved that the Raj was draining India.","note":"Naoroji was a Parsi from Bombay, a professor of mathematics at 27, a cotton trader in London and a member of the Indian National Congress from its founding, three times its president. In 1892 he won Finsbury Central for the Liberals by five votes, the first Indian in the Commons, after Lord Salisbury had said no English constituency would elect a black man. His life's work was the drain theory, the accounting that showed Britain taking more out of India each year than it put in, published as Poverty and Un-British Rule in India in 1901. He lived here on Anerley Park from 1897 to 1904.\n\nHe died in Bombay in 1917, the Grand Old Man of India. The plaque was put up in 2022.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/dadabhai-naoroji.jpg?v=97128d23","thumb":"/img/dadabhai-naoroji-480.jpg?v=f6f63622","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Dadabhai Naoroji's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DADABHAI_NAOROJI_-_72_Anerley_Park_Penge_London_SE20_8NQ.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/dadabhai-naoroji-2.jpg?v=cee08959","thumb":"/img/dadabhai-naoroji-2-480.jpg?v=51c8cafd","width":430,"height":601,"alt":"Portrait of Dadabhai Naoroji","caption":"","credit":"Photo by R.M. Richardson & Co, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dadabhai_Naoroji,_1892.jpg","thumb_width":343}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1897\u20131904","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Dadabhai Naoroji, 72 Anerley Park, SE20 8NQ, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Crystal Palace Dinosaurs","s":"crystal-palace-dinosaurs","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":207},{"n":"Chatsworth Bakehouse","s":"chatsworth-bakehouse","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":442},{"n":"Crystal Palace Park","s":"crystal-palace-park","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":724}],"near_same":[{"s":"ira-aldridge","m":491},{"s":"camille-pissarro","m":1012},{"s":"emile-zola","m":1227},{"s":"c-l-r-james","m":5302},{"s":"peter-kropotkin","m":5641},{"s":"harold-moody","m":6356}]},{"slug":"david-ben-gurion","name":"David Ben-Gurion","area":"Maida Vale","address":"75 Warrington Crescent, W9 1EH","station":"Maida Vale","walk":5,"lat":51.526658,"lng":-0.183481,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/6698422578","types":["asia-pacific","c-il","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Maida Vale house where the future founder of Israel lived while running a Zionist office in London.","note":"Ben-Gurion was born David Gr\u00fcn in P\u0142o\u0144sk in Russian Poland, went to Ottoman Palestine in 1906 and was deported in 1915. In 1920 he lived in this house on Warrington Crescent while he ran the London office of Poale Zion, the labour Zionist movement, and lobbied a Britain that had just taken the mandate for Palestine. The Histadrut, the trade union federation that became the backbone of the state, was founded the same year with him at its head.\n\nHe declared the State of Israel on 14 May 1948 and was its prime minister for most of the next fifteen years. The plaque, from 1986, records simply that the first prime minister of Israel lived here.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/david-ben-gurion.jpg?v=88ce054c","thumb":"/img/david-ben-gurion-480.jpg?v=10016e3c","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"David Ben-Gurion's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DAVID_BEN-GURION_-_75_Warrington_Crescent_Maida_Vale_London_W9_1EH.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/david-ben-gurion-2.jpg?v=3c6bda76","thumb":"/img/david-ben-gurion-2-480.jpg?v=1d9a5786","width":750,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of David Ben-Gurion","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Fritz Cohen, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:David_Ben-Gurion_(D597-087).jpg","thumb_width":351}],"from":null,"country":"il","country_name":"Israel","also":["Poland"],"years":"1920","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"David Ben-Gurion, 75 Warrington Crescent, W9 1EH, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Alan Turing's birthplace, Warrington Crescent","s":"alan-turings-birthplace-warrington-crescent","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":268},{"n":"The Winery","s":"the-winery","c":"wine","cn":"Wine","m":327},{"n":"The Caf\u00e9 at Clifton Nurseries","s":"the-cafe-at-clifton-nurseries","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":506}],"near_same":[{"s":"alexander-herzen","m":975},{"s":"oskar-kokoschka","m":1100},{"s":"melanie-klein","m":1211},{"s":"guglielmo-marconi","m":1365},{"s":"w-h-hudson","m":1573},{"s":"jose-de-san-martin","m":1686}]},{"slug":"elias-canetti","name":"Elias Canetti","area":"South End Green","address":"8 Thurlow Road, NW3 5PP","station":"Hampstead","walk":6,"lat":51.553805,"lng":-0.173191,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/109066159","types":["c-bg","europe","exile","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Hampstead house of a Nobel laureate who wrote in German about crowds, in the calmest street imaginable.","note":"Canetti was born in Ruse, on the Danube in Bulgaria, to Sephardic Jewish parents, grew up in Manchester, Vienna and Zurich, and wrote in German. He fled Vienna for London in 1938, and it was in Hampstead over the next thirty years that he produced Crowds and Power, the strange and enormous study of mass behaviour that took him twenty-five years, and the memoirs that won him the Nobel Prize in 1981. He lived in this house in the 1950s and 1960s and moved to Zurich in 1971.\n\nHe is buried beside Joyce. The flag is Bulgaria's because that is where he was born, and the note says the rest.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/elias-canetti.jpg?v=f78a3d4c","thumb":"/img/elias-canetti-480.jpg?v=ffe88755","width":938,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Elias Canetti","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elias_Canetti_2.jpg","thumb_width":439},"figures":null,"from":null,"country":"bg","country_name":"Bulgaria","also":["Austria"],"years":null,"plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Elias Canetti, 8 Thurlow Road, NW3 5PP, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Ginger & White","s":"ginger-white","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":378},{"n":"Keats House","s":"keats-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":393},{"n":"2 Willow Road","s":"2-willow-road","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":469}],"near_same":[{"s":"freud-museum","m":676},{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":709},{"s":"katherine-mansfield","m":782},{"s":"isokon-building","m":798},{"s":"rabindranath-tagore","m":1013},{"s":"paul-robeson","m":1037}]},{"slug":"ezra-pound","name":"Ezra Pound","area":"Kensington","address":"10 Kensington Church Walk, W8 4NB","station":"High Street Kensington","walk":3,"lat":51.502436,"lng":-0.192961,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7523893434","types":["c-us","north-america","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"One room in a Kensington lane where Pound ran modern poetry for five years.","note":"Pound came from Idaho by way of Venice in 1908 and took a first-floor room here in 1909, a narrow lane beside the churchyard of St Mary Abbots. From it, on almost no money, he published Personae, invented Imagism, edited Yeats's verse and got him to tighten it, found Eliot a publisher for Prufrock and pushed Joyce into print. Nobody did more to make the poetry of the twentieth century sound the way it does, and he did much of it from this address.\n\nHe married Dorothy Shakespear at the church next door in 1914 and left London for good in 1920. What came later, the fascism and the broadcasts and the cage at Pisa, has not stopped the plaque, which went up in 2004.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/ezra-pound.jpg?v=3f70ed35","thumb":"/img/ezra-pound-480.jpg?v=691bea39","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Ezra Pound's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EZRA_POUND_-_10_Kensington_Church_Walk_Holland_Park_London_W8_4NB.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/ezra-pound-2.jpg?v=6f19f1c7","thumb":"/img/ezra-pound-2-480.jpg?v=081c1a9d","width":807,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Ezra Pound","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Alvin Langdon Coburn, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ezra_Pound_by_Alvin_Langdon_Coburn,_1913,_collotype_photograph,_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_78_14Pound-000001.jpg","thumb_width":378}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1909\u20131914","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Ezra Pound, 10 Kensington Church Walk, W8 4NB, London","in_area":{"slug":"notting-hill-holland-park","name":"Notting Hill & Holland Park"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Knoops Kensington","s":"knoops-kensington","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":118},{"n":"Aux Merveilleux de Fred Kensington","s":"aux-merveilleux-de-fred-kensington","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":195},{"n":"18 Stafford Terrace","s":"18-stafford-terrace","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":347}],"near_same":[{"s":"t-s-eliot","m":440},{"s":"rudolf-nureyev","m":578},{"s":"henry-james","m":602},{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":716},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":731},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":787}]},{"slug":"felix-mendelssohn","name":"Felix Mendelssohn","area":"Belgravia","address":"4 Hobart Place, SW1W 0HU","station":"Victoria","walk":5,"lat":51.497688,"lng":-0.148558,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5221470558","types":["c-de","europe","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The lodging of a composer who visited ten times and called London the grandest monster on earth.","note":"Mendelssohn first came in 1829 at twenty, conducted his own symphony to a rapturous Philharmonic Society, took the Scottish holiday that produced the Hebrides overture and decided that London, which he called the grandest and most complicated monster on the face of the earth, was his favourite city. He stayed here on Hobart Place with his friend Karl Klingemann on several of his ten visits. He played the organ at St Paul's until the vergers turned the bellows off, was received by Victoria and Albert, who sang his songs to him, and conducted Elijah at Birmingham in 1846, a year before he died at 38.\n\nThe Wedding March is his, and so, in Britain, is the whole nineteenth-century idea of what music should sound like. The plaque went up in 1929.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/felix-mendelssohn.jpg?v=ab81b87f","thumb":"/img/felix-mendelssohn-480.jpg?v=7a4d3f1c","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Felix Mendelssohn's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FELIX_MENDELSSOHN_-_4_Hobart_Place_Belgravia_SW1W_0HU.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/felix-mendelssohn-2.jpg?v=0a64680c","thumb":"/img/felix-mendelssohn-2-480.jpg?v=8021cd78","width":794,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Felix Mendelssohn","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Eduard Magnus, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Felix_Mendelssohn_Bartholdy_by_Eduard_Magnus_(1833).jpg","thumb_width":372}],"from":null,"country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":null,"years":"1829\u20131847","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Felix Mendelssohn, 4 Hobart Place, SW1W 0HU, London","in_area":{"slug":"belgravia","name":"Belgravia"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Ian Fleming's house, 22 Ebury Street","s":"ian-flemings-house-22-ebury-street","c":"secrets","cn":"Secrets & Espionage","m":207},{"n":"Royal Mews","s":"royal-mews","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":328},{"n":"Badiani Victoria","s":"badiani-victoria","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":330}],"near_same":[{"s":"prince-metternich","m":332},{"s":"joseph-conrad","m":654},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":748},{"s":"giuseppe-garibaldi","m":944},{"s":"jomo-kenyatta","m":945},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":989}]},{"slug":"francisco-de-miranda","name":"Francisco de Miranda and Andr\u00e9s Bello","area":"Fitzrovia","address":"58 Grafton Way, W1T 5DL","station":"Warren Street","walk":2,"lat":51.52349,"lng":-0.137964,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/1230827949","types":["c-ve","exile","latin-america","statesman","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The headquarters of Spanish-American independence, run for eight years from a terrace in Fitzrovia.","note":"Miranda had fought for the Americans at Pensacola and for the French Revolution, whose generals he outranked before it imprisoned him, and by 1802 he had settled here, then 27 Grafton Street, with his English wife Sarah Andrews and a library of six thousand books. The house became the address to which every Spanish-American who dreamed of independence wrote, and to which several came: Bol\u00edvar in 1810, and with him Andr\u00e9s Bello, who stayed on for nineteen years, working for the Chilean legation and writing, before going to Chile to found its university and draft its civil code. Miranda left with Bol\u00edvar that December, led Venezuela's first republic, was handed to the Spanish when it collapsed and died in a C\u00e1diz prison in 1816.\n\nVenezuela owns the house now, as a cultural centre beside its embassy, with plaques to both men and a statue of Miranda round the corner in Fitzroy Street.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/francisco-de-miranda.jpg?v=8999f790","thumb":"/img/francisco-de-miranda-480.jpg?v=d4b1dfa2","width":639,"height":478,"alt":"Francisco de Miranda and Andr\u00e9s Bello's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Stephen McKay, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Miranda_House,_Grafton_Way_-_geograph.org.uk_-_655832.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/francisco-de-miranda-2.jpg?v=078c4ae7","thumb":"/img/francisco-de-miranda-2.jpg?v=078c4ae7","width":297,"height":400,"alt":"Portrait of Francisco de Miranda and Andr\u00e9s Bello","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Martin Tovar y Tovar, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Francisco_de_Miranda_by_Tovar_y_Tovar.jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"ve","country_name":"Venezuela","also":["Chile"],"years":"1802\u20131810","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Francisco de Miranda and Andr\u00e9s Bello, 58 Grafton Way, W1T 5DL, London","in_area":{"slug":"fitzrovia","name":"Fitzrovia"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Fitzroy Square","s":"fitzroy-square","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":157},{"n":"Grant Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy","s":"grant-museum-of-zoology-and-comparative-anatomy","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":257},{"n":"Galton Collection","s":"galton-collection","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":330}],"near_same":[{"s":"choshu-five","m":336},{"s":"olaudah-equiano","m":446},{"s":"stefan-zweig","m":525},{"s":"carl-maria-von-weber","m":544},{"s":"ram-mohan-roy","m":814},{"s":"mary-seacole","m":943}]},{"slug":"francois-guizot","name":"Fran\u00e7ois Guizot","area":"Brompton","address":"21 Pelham Crescent, SW7 2NL","station":"South Kensington","walk":2,"lat":51.492637,"lng":-0.171322,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8018704278","types":["c-fr","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The minister whose advice was 'get rich', who lost his job in a week and spent a year here reading.","note":"Guizot ran France for Louis-Philippe through the 1840s, a Protestant historian who believed in a narrow franchise and told those who wanted the vote to enrich themselves and qualify. In February 1848 a banquet campaign for reform turned into a revolution, the king dismissed him to save himself and then fell anyway, and Guizot escaped to London in disguise. He lived here on Pelham Crescent from 1848 to 1849, worked in the British Museum on his history of the English Revolution, and was received everywhere, since the English liked him better than the French did.\n\nHe went home in 1849 and never held office again, and wrote for another twenty-five years. The plaque was put up in 1983.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/francois-guizot.jpg?v=87ca8903","thumb":"/img/francois-guizot-480.jpg?v=a5c0ce2c","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Fran\u00e7ois Guizot's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Francois_GUIZOT_-_21_Pelham_Crescent,_South_Kensington,_London,_SW7_2NR,_Royal_Borough_of_Kensington_and_Chelsea.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/francois-guizot-2.jpg?v=98817ead","thumb":"/img/francois-guizot-2-480.jpg?v=be7f25b7","width":748,"height":1036,"alt":"Portrait of Fran\u00e7ois Guizot","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois_Pierre_Guillaume_Guizot.jpg","thumb_width":346}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1848\u20131849","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Fran\u00e7ois Guizot, 21 Pelham Crescent, SW7 2NL, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Michelin House","s":"michelin-house","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":203},{"n":"Hagen","s":"hagen","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":209},{"n":"Venchi Exhibition Road","s":"venchi-exhibition-road","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":305}],"near_same":[{"s":"bela-bartok","m":59},{"s":"frederick-douglass","m":440},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":843},{"s":"mark-twain","m":862},{"s":"bob-marley","m":920},{"s":"jenny-lind","m":1020}]},{"slug":"frederick-douglass","name":"Frederick Douglass","area":"Chelsea","address":"Nell Gwynn House, Whitehead's Grove, SW3 3AX","station":"South Kensington","walk":7,"lat":51.492311,"lng":-0.164974,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/104647502","types":["c-us","campaigner","north-america"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where an escaped slave lodged as a free man's guest, and left Britain owning himself.","note":"Douglass escaped from slavery in Maryland in 1838 and published his Narrative in 1845, which made him famous and made him a target, since it named his owner. He sailed for Britain and spent nearly two years lecturing in Ireland, Scotland and England. In 1846 he lodged in Whitehead's Grove with the abolitionist George Thompson, a house that stood where this block of flats is now.\n\nBritish admirers did the one thing his American friends would not: they raised \u00a3150 and bought his freedom from Hugh Auld, so that he could go home without fear of recapture. He returned in 1847, founded The North Star and became the most photographed American of his century. The plaque was put up in 2016.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/frederick-douglass.jpg?v=39aeed87","thumb":"/img/frederick-douglass-480.jpg?v=f2ae2a78","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"The plaque to Frederick Douglass on Nell Gwynn House","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Martin Jeffries, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frederick_Douglass_Blue_Plaque,_Nell_Gwynn_House,_Sloane_Avenue,_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_7973823.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/frederick-douglass-2.jpg?v=497e720d","thumb":"/img/frederick-douglass-2-480.jpg?v=573ac737","width":894,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Frederick Douglass","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Engraved by J.C. Buttre from a daguerreotype., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frederick_Douglass_as_a_younger_man.jpg","thumb_width":419}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1846\u20131847","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Frederick Douglass, Nell Gwynn House, Whitehead's Grove, SW3 3AX, London","in_area":{"slug":"chelsea","name":"Chelsea"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Michelin House","s":"michelin-house","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":256},{"n":"Bywater Street: George Smiley's house","s":"bywater-street-george-smileys-house","c":"secrets","cn":"Secrets & Espionage","m":266},{"n":"John Sandoe Books","s":"john-sandoe-books","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":298}],"near_same":[{"s":"percy-grainger","m":403},{"s":"francois-guizot","m":440},{"s":"bela-bartok","m":486},{"s":"mark-twain","m":604},{"s":"john-singer-sargent","m":859},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":870}]},{"slug":"friedrich-engels","name":"Friedrich Engels","area":"Primrose Hill","address":"122 Regent's Park Road, NW1 8XL","station":"Chalk Farm","walk":6,"lat":51.540501,"lng":-0.157383,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/569700960","types":["c-de","europe","exile","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house where Engels kept open house on Sundays and finished Marx's book after his death.","note":"Engels spent twenty years in Manchester running his father's cotton mill, a job he hated and kept because it paid for Marx. In 1870 he sold out, moved to London and took this house, a few streets from the Marxes in Kentish Town, and from it ran the international socialist movement's correspondence in a dozen languages. Sunday evenings here were legendary for the beer, the singing and the arguments. After Marx died in 1883 he spent the rest of his life editing the second and third volumes of Capital from the manuscripts.\n\nHe moved along the road to number 41 in 1894 and died the next year; his ashes were scattered off Beachy Head. The plaque went up in 1972.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/friedrich-engels.jpg?v=b69f7cab","thumb":"/img/friedrich-engels-480.jpg?v=04c19467","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Friedrich Engels's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Friedrich_Engels_-_122_Regent%27s_Park_Road_Primrose_Hill_NW1_8XL.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/friedrich-engels-2.jpg?v=a7eb4a55","thumb":"/img/friedrich-engels-2-480.jpg?v=c1638bf6","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Friedrich Engels","caption":"","credit":"Photo by William Hall (1826\u2013ca. 1898) (cropped and sepia tone removed), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Friedrich_Engels_portrait_(cropped).jpg","thumb_width":360}],"from":null,"country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":null,"years":"1870\u20131894","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Friedrich Engels, 122 Regent's Park Road, NW1 8XL, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Sam's Cafe","s":"sams-cafe","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":216},{"n":"Primrose Hill","s":"primrose-hill","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":308},{"n":"Roundhouse","s":"roundhouse","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":482}],"near_same":[{"s":"jose-rizal","m":83},{"s":"sylvia-plath","m":120},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":248},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":1104},{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":1161},{"s":"ruth-first-and-joe-slovo","m":1300}]},{"slug":"frederic-chopin","name":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin","area":"St James's","address":"4 St James's Place, SW1A 1NP","station":"Green Park","walk":3,"lat":51.505886,"lng":-0.139417,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8088522453","types":["c-pl","europe","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house Chopin left for his last public performance, a benefit for Polish refugees at Guildhall.","note":"Chopin came to Britain in April 1848 to escape the revolution in Paris, at the urging of his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling, already so ill with tuberculosis that he had to be carried upstairs. He played for Queen Victoria at Stafford House, toured Scotland in the damp, and came back to London in November to lodge here on St James's Place. On 16 November 1848 he left this house for Guildhall to play at a ball in aid of Polish exiles; it was the last time he performed in public. He returned to Paris a week later and died there in October 1849.\n\nPoland claims him entirely, though his father was French and he never went back after 1830. The plaque went up in 1949, a century on.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/frederic-chopin.jpg?v=b8953edc","thumb":"/img/frederic-chopin-480.jpg?v=32f88bb9","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FREDERIC_CHOPIN_-_4_St_James%27s_Place_St_James%27s_London_SW1A_1NP_City_of_Westminster.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/frederic-chopin-2.jpg?v=fcd063d8","thumb":"/img/frederic-chopin-2-480.jpg?v=0da037d1","width":759,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Maria Wodzi\u0144ska, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chopin,_by_Wodzinska.JPG","thumb_width":356}],"from":null,"country":"pl","country_name":"Poland","also":null,"years":"1848","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin, 4 St James's Place, SW1A 1NP, London","in_area":{"slug":"st-jamess","name":"St James's"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Stern Pissarro Gallery","s":"stern-pissarro-gallery","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":29},{"n":"The American Bar at The Stafford","s":"the-american-bar-at-the-stafford","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":34},{"n":"Dukes Bar","s":"dukes-bar","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":47}],"near_same":[{"s":"napoleon-iii","m":220},{"s":"giuseppe-garibaldi","m":230},{"s":"ottobah-cugoano","m":257},{"s":"charles-de-gaulle","m":393},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":575},{"s":"canaletto-in-beak-street","m":741}]},{"slug":"gandhi-at-kingsley-hall","name":"Gandhi at Kingsley Hall","area":"Bromley-by-Bow","address":"Kingsley Hall, Powis Road, E3 3HJ","station":"Bromley-by-Bow","walk":3,"lat":51.526579,"lng":-0.01448,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":"https://kingsleyhall.co.uk/","instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8059687239","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The East End settlement where Gandhi chose to stay in 1931, sleeping in a cell on the roof.","note":"Gandhi came to London in September 1931 for the Round Table Conference on India's future, and turned down the hotel the government offered for Kingsley Hall, the Christian pacifist settlement Muriel Lester ran in Bow. He said he wanted to live among the poor, and he did: a cell on the roof, up at four to walk the streets and talk to dockers, mill hands and children who called him Uncle Gandhi. He met Charlie Chaplin, and the Lancashire cotton workers his boycott had put out of work, who cheered him. The conference achieved nothing; the visit achieved a great deal.\n\nKingsley Hall is still a community centre, and his room is kept. The plaque went up in 1954.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/gandhi-at-kingsley-hall.jpg?v=40dc4020","thumb":"/img/gandhi-at-kingsley-hall-480.jpg?v=6b982f35","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Kingsley Hall on Powis Road, Bow","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kingsley_Hall,_Powis_Road,_Bromley_by_Bow,_London,_E3_3HJ,_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/gandhi-at-kingsley-hall-2.jpg?v=97ceab78","thumb":"/img/gandhi-at-kingsley-hall-2-480.jpg?v=04a9face","width":820,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Gandhi at Kingsley Hall","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Elliott & Fry, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mahatma-Gandhi,_studio,_1931.jpg","thumb_width":384}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1931","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Gandhi at Kingsley Hall, Kingsley Hall, Powis Road, E3 3HJ, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"House Mill, Three Mills","s":"house-mill-three-mills","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":468},{"n":"ABBA Voyage","s":"abba-voyage","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":739},{"n":"Abbey Mills Pumping Station","s":"abbey-mills-pumping-station","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":910}],"near_same":[{"s":"peter-the-great","m":5314},{"s":"sol-plaatje","m":5821},{"s":"marx-memorial-library","m":6326},{"s":"giuseppe-mazzini","m":6511},{"s":"lenin-in-percy-circus","m":6942},{"s":"sun-yat-sen","m":6952}]},{"slug":"gandhi-the-student","name":"Gandhi the student","area":"West Kensington","address":"20 Baron's Court Road, W14 9DT","station":"West Kensington","walk":2,"lat":51.489882,"lng":-0.208505,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7994935833","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house where a shy law student from Gujarat learned to dance, and to be a vegetarian in public.","note":"Gandhi arrived in September 1888, aged eighteen, to read for the bar at the Inner Temple, having promised his mother he would touch no meat, wine or women. He lodged here in Baron's Court for a time, tried briefly to be an English gentleman with dancing and violin lessons, found the Vegetarian Society in Bayswater, which gave him his first cause, and read the Bhagavad Gita for the first time, in Edwin Arnold's English translation. He was called to the bar in June 1891 and sailed home two days later.\n\nHe came back forty years on, as the Mahatma, and stayed in Bow. The plaque went up in 1986.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/gandhi-the-student.jpg?v=82d24d7a","thumb":"/img/gandhi-the-student-480.jpg?v=2933f0fc","width":763,"height":1024,"alt":"Gandhi the student's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MAHATMA_GANDHI_-_20_Baron%27s_Court_Road_Barons_Court_London_W14_9DT.jpg","thumb_width":357},"figures":[{"src":"/img/gandhi-the-student-2.jpg?v=97ceab78","thumb":"/img/gandhi-the-student-2-480.jpg?v=04a9face","width":820,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Gandhi the student","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Elliott & Fry, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mahatma-Gandhi,_studio,_1931.jpg","thumb_width":384}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1888\u20131891","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Gandhi the student, 20 Baron's Court Road, W14 9DT, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Chat Noir","s":"chat-noir","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":654},{"n":"Ideal Home Show","s":"ideal-home-show","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":770},{"n":"Leighton House Museum","s":"leighton-house-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1041}],"near_same":[{"s":"marcus-garvey","m":87},{"s":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","m":990},{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":1046},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":1116},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":1129},{"s":"chaim-weizmann","m":1163}]},{"slug":"handel-hendrix-house","name":"George Frideric Handel","area":"Mayfair","address":"25 Brook Street","station":"Bond Street","walk":1,"lat":51.512942,"lng":-0.145884,"hours":[null,null,[10.0,17.0],[10.0,17.0],[10.0,17.0],[10.0,17.0],[10.0,17.0]],"hours_raw":"We-Su 10:00-17:00","hours_source":"web","hours_url":"https://handelhendrix.org/","hours_short":null,"hours_checked":"2026-09-03","hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":"https://handelhendrix.org/","instagram":"handelandhendrix","attrs":[],"osm":"node/1493424622","types":["c-de","europe","inside","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house Handel chose as a young immigrant and never left, where Messiah was written in three weeks.","note":"Handel was born in Halle, learned his trade in Hamburg and Italy, and came to London in 1710 for the opera; in 1723 he became the first tenant of this new house on Brook Street, and lived in it for thirty-six years until his death. He became a British subject by Act of Parliament in 1727 and wrote Zadok the Priest for the coronation that year; it has been sung at every one since. Messiah was composed in the rooms upstairs in twenty-four days in 1741, and the Fireworks Music, the Water Music revisions and the great oratorios followed.\n\nHe went blind, died here in 1759 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, three thousand people attending. The house was restored and opened in 2001, the composing room at its heart.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/handel-hendrix-house.jpg?v=115e7e89","thumb":"/img/handel-hendrix-house-480.jpg?v=0a0f1673","width":728,"height":1024,"alt":"Handel Hendrix House May 2023. 23 and 25 Brook Street, Mayfair, London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by HandelandHendrix, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Handel_Hendrix_House_May_2023_(cropped).jpg","thumb_width":341},"figures":null,"from":"museums/handel-hendrix-house","country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":null,"years":"1723\u20131759","plaque":"English Heritage","whats_on":[{"slug":"the-hallelujah-house-inside-handels-hq","name":"The Hallelujah House: Inside Handel's HQ","href":"/museums/handel-hendrix-house/the-hallelujah-house-inside-handels-hq/","verdict":"The house where Messiah was written, treated as the composer's head office.","runs":{"from":"2026-09-17","to":"2027-03-14"},"types":["exhibition","history","music"],"clue":["Exhibition","History"]}],"also_in":[{"name":"Museums","href":"/museums/handel-hendrix-house/"}],"maps_q":"George Frideric Handel, 25 Brook Street, London","in_area":{"slug":"mayfair","name":"Mayfair"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Ben Brown Fine Arts","s":"ben-brown-fine-arts","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":52},{"n":"Bonhams","s":"bonhams","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":93},{"n":"WatchHouse Hanover","s":"watchhouse-hanover","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":101}],"near_same":[{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":14},{"s":"talleyrand","m":131},{"s":"alexander-korda","m":144},{"s":"john-adams","m":314},{"s":"simon-bolivar","m":573},{"s":"canaletto-in-beak-street","m":581}]},{"slug":"george-padmore","name":"George Padmore","area":"Somers Town","address":"22 Cranleigh Street, NW1 1BU","station":"Mornington Crescent","walk":3,"lat":51.533208,"lng":-0.13467,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":null,"types":["c-tt","campaigner","caribbean"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The flat where the leaders of independent Africa met before any of them was a leader.","note":"Padmore was born Malcolm Nurse in Trinidad, ran the Comintern's Negro bureau in Hamburg until he broke with Moscow in 1934, and spent the next twenty years in London making Pan-Africanism a movement rather than an idea. He lived in a flat in this building from 1941 to 1957, and the kitchen table was where Nkrumah, Kenyatta, Wallace-Johnson and the American novelist Richard Wright argued into the night. With Nkrumah he organised the Pan-African Congress in Manchester in 1945 that set the timetable for decolonisation.\n\nWhen Ghana became independent in 1957 he went to Accra as Nkrumah's adviser on African affairs, and died two years later. The Nubian Jak trust put the plaque up in 2011.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/george-padmore.jpg?v=794a08d2","thumb":"/img/george-padmore-480.jpg?v=c377ccab","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"George Padmore's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:George_Padmore_1903-1959_aka_Malcolm_Ivan_Meredith_Nurse_international_activist_and_renowned_Pan_Africanist_lived_here_1941-1957.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/george-padmore-2.jpg?v=1f89509f","thumb":"/img/george-padmore-2-480.jpg?v=a0d14004","width":633,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of George Padmore","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:George_Padmore,_circa_1937.jpg","thumb_width":297}],"from":null,"country":"tt","country_name":"Trinidad and Tobago","also":null,"years":"1941\u20131957","plaque":"Nubian Jak Community Trust","maps_q":"George Padmore, 22 Cranleigh Street, NW1 1BU, London","in_area":{"slug":"kings-cross-st-pancras","name":"King's Cross & St Pancras"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"KOKO","s":"koko","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":296},{"n":"Carreras Cigarette Factory","s":"carreras-cigarette-factory","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":356},{"n":"St Pancras Old Church","s":"st-pancras-old-church","c":"sacred","cn":"Sacred London","m":367}],"near_same":[{"s":"rimbaud-and-verlaine","m":506},{"s":"ruth-first-and-joe-slovo","m":855},{"s":"choshu-five","m":947},{"s":"francisco-de-miranda","m":1104},{"s":"lenin-in-percy-circus","m":1448},{"s":"syed-ahmad-khan","m":1472}]},{"slug":"giuseppe-garibaldi","name":"Giuseppe Garibaldi","area":"St James's","address":"Lancaster House, Stable Yard, SW1A 1BB","station":"Green Park","walk":5,"lat":51.503822,"lng":-0.139112,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/4266524","types":["c-it","europe","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The palace where the hero of Italian unification stayed on the visit that brought half a million into the streets.","note":"Garibaldi came to London in April 1864, three years after handing the south of Italy to Victor Emmanuel, and the reception was unlike anything the city had given a foreigner: an estimated half a million people lined the route from Nine Elms, and the working men of London took the horses from his carriage and pulled it themselves. He stayed here, at Stafford House, as the Duke of Sutherland's guest, met Palmerston, Gladstone and Tennyson, and after eleven days was persuaded that his health required him to leave, the government having grown nervous.\n\nLancaster House, as it is now called, is used by the Foreign Office. The biscuit was named for him three years earlier, and lasted better.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/giuseppe-garibaldi.jpg?v=655bdda0","thumb":"/img/giuseppe-garibaldi-480.jpg?v=529daf54","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Lancaster House, the former Stafford House, from Stable Yard","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Edwardx, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lancaster_House,_September_2016_108.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/giuseppe-garibaldi-2.jpg?v=3f6eb908","thumb":"/img/giuseppe-garibaldi-2-480.jpg?v=895eabca","width":663,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Giuseppe Garibaldi","caption":"","credit":"Photo by In album: Cartes-de-visite portraits of U.S. Army officers, children, and others, p. 15, right., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Giuseppe_Garibaldi_1861.jpg","thumb_width":310}],"from":null,"country":"it","country_name":"Italy","also":null,"years":"1864","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Giuseppe Garibaldi, Lancaster House, Stable Yard, SW1A 1BB, London","in_area":{"slug":"st-jamess","name":"St James's"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Clarence House","s":"clarence-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":50},{"n":"St James's Palace & the Chapel Royal","s":"st-jamess-palace-the-chapel-royal","c":"royal","cn":"Royal London","m":112},{"n":"Spencer House","s":"spencer-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":167}],"near_same":[{"s":"frederic-chopin","m":230},{"s":"ottobah-cugoano","m":316},{"s":"napoleon-iii","m":374},{"s":"charles-de-gaulle","m":422},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":679},{"s":"felix-mendelssohn","m":944}]},{"slug":"giuseppe-mazzini","name":"Giuseppe Mazzini","area":"Hatton Garden","address":"10 Laystall Street, EC1R 4PA","station":"Chancery Lane","walk":4,"lat":51.518111,"lng":-0.107606,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/4205980836","types":["c-it","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The plaque London's Italians put up to the prophet of their united country, in the old Italian quarter.","note":"Mazzini founded Young Italy in 1831 with the idea that Italy should be one republic, and spent almost his whole life in exile arguing for it, mostly in London, where he arrived in 1837 with no money and a conviction that the English would leave him alone. They did not entirely: in 1844 the Home Secretary was caught opening his post. He founded a free school for the Italian children of Clerkenwell in 1841, edited newspapers, ran the Roman Republic for four months in 1849 and came back to plot again.\n\nHe died in Pisa in 1872, a decade after the Italy that emerged had disappointed him. The plaque with his bust was put up by the Italian community in 1922 on Laystall Street; his lodging at 183 North Gower Street has an English Heritage one.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/giuseppe-mazzini.jpg?v=f7f72ff5","thumb":"/img/giuseppe-mazzini-480.jpg?v=9e5001d9","width":866,"height":1024,"alt":"The plaque to Giuseppe Mazzini","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Daderot, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dio_Popolo_Pensiero,_Giuseppe_Mazzini_plaque,_1922,_London,_England_-_DSC01536.jpg","thumb_width":406},"figures":[{"src":"/img/giuseppe-mazzini-2.jpg?v=ef4b3d5f","thumb":"/img/giuseppe-mazzini-2-480.jpg?v=be841049","width":841,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Giuseppe Mazzini","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Giuseppe_Mazzini.jpg","thumb_width":394}],"from":null,"country":"it","country_name":"Italy","also":null,"years":"1837\u20131868","plaque":"Italian community, 1922","maps_q":"Giuseppe Mazzini, 10 Laystall Street, EC1R 4PA, London","in_area":{"slug":"farringdon-clerkenwell","name":"Farringdon & Clerkenwell"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"St Etheldreda's","s":"st-etheldredas","c":"sacred","cn":"Sacred London","m":60},{"n":"Enigma Quests","s":"enigma-quests","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":172},{"n":"Hatton Garden","s":"hatton-garden","c":"shopping","cn":"Shopping","m":204}],"near_same":[{"s":"sun-yat-sen","m":467},{"s":"marx-memorial-library","m":559},{"s":"syed-ahmad-khan","m":1056},{"s":"claude-monet","m":1247},{"s":"lenin-in-percy-circus","m":1329},{"s":"voltaire","m":1342}]},{"slug":"guglielmo-marconi","name":"Guglielmo Marconi","area":"Westbourne","address":"71 Hereford Road, W2 5BB","station":"Royal Oak","walk":7,"lat":51.516481,"lng":-0.194521,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8116370663","types":["c-it","europe","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Bayswater lodging where a 21-year-old from Bologna filed the first patent for wireless.","note":"Marconi arrived in February 1896 with his Irish mother and two trunks of apparatus, because Italy's post office had shown no interest and hers had connections. From this house, where they lodged for a year, he took his equipment to the Post Office's chief engineer, William Preece, demonstrated it on the roof of the General Post Office and across Salisbury Plain, and in June 1896 filed patent number 12039, the first for a system of wireless telegraphy. The Wireless Telegraph and Signal Company followed in 1897; the Atlantic was crossed in 1901; the Nobel Prize came in 1909.\n\nHe remained an Italian, and in the 1920s a Fascist one, and Italy gave him a state funeral in 1937. The plaque went up in 1954.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/guglielmo-marconi.jpg?v=3110f876","thumb":"/img/guglielmo-marconi-480.jpg?v=686a2e2d","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The plaque to Guglielmo Marconi","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Matt Brown, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guglielmo_Marconi_plaque_at_71_Hereford_Road,_Bayswater.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/guglielmo-marconi-2.jpg?v=54631fab","thumb":"/img/guglielmo-marconi-2-480.jpg?v=9e7dd2f8","width":769,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Guglielmo Marconi","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Pach Brothers, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guglielmo_Marconi.jpg","thumb_width":360}],"from":null,"country":"it","country_name":"Italy","also":null,"years":"1896\u20131897","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Guglielmo Marconi, 71 Hereford Road, W2 5BB, London","in_area":{"slug":"bayswater-paddington","name":"Bayswater & Paddington"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Granger & Co.","s":"granger-co","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":305},{"n":"Tab x Tab","s":"tab-x-tab","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":342},{"n":"Melt Chocolates","s":"melt-chocolates","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":416}],"near_same":[{"s":"lajos-kossuth","m":672},{"s":"w-h-hudson","m":694},{"s":"richard-wagner","m":711},{"s":"alexander-herzen","m":785},{"s":"claudia-jones","m":852},{"s":"jawaharlal-nehru","m":1001}]},{"slug":"harold-moody","name":"Harold Moody","area":"Cossall Estate","address":"164 Queen's Road, SE15 2HP","station":"Queens Road Peckham","walk":3,"lat":51.472779,"lng":-0.054285,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8051115773","types":["c-jm","campaigner","caribbean"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The doctor's surgery that was also the office of Britain's first civil rights organisation.","note":"Moody came from Kingston in 1904 to study medicine at King's College and qualified top of his year, and no hospital would give him a post. He set up as a general practitioner in Peckham instead, in this house from 1922, and treated the poor of south London for twenty-five years whether or not they could pay. In 1931 he founded the League of Coloured Peoples, which fought the colour bar in lodgings, hospitals and the armed forces and was the country's first organisation of its kind.\n\nHe died in 1947 in this house, which had been home, surgery and headquarters at once. The plaque went up in 1995.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/harold-moody.jpg?v=c0e5390a","thumb":"/img/harold-moody-480.jpg?v=9b5eed47","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Harold Moody's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DR_HAROLD_MOODY_-_164_Queens_Road_Peckham_London_SE15_2HP.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/harold-moody-2.jpg?v=f9c59477","thumb":"/img/harold-moody-2-480.jpg?v=14579f35","width":682,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Harold Moody","caption":"","credit":"Photo by 14GTR, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Harold_Moody_by_Ronald_Moody_02.jpg","thumb_width":320}],"from":null,"country":"jm","country_name":"Jamaica","also":null,"years":"1922\u20131947","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Harold Moody, 164 Queen's Road, SE15 2HP, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Peckham Cellars","s":"peckham-cellars","c":"wine","cn":"Wine","m":231},{"n":"Frank's Cafe","s":"franks-cafe","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":890},{"n":"58th Street","s":"58th-street","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":892}],"near_same":[{"s":"peter-the-great","m":2707},{"s":"c-l-r-james","m":4003},{"s":"vincent-van-gogh","m":4226},{"s":"camille-pissarro","m":6130},{"s":"claude-monet","m":6174},{"s":"heinrich-heine","m":6223}]},{"slug":"hector-berlioz","name":"Hector Berlioz","area":"Marylebone","address":"58 Queen Anne Street, W1G 8HW","station":"Bond Street","walk":5,"lat":51.517789,"lng":-0.149098,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/3524368534","types":["c-fr","europe","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The lodging of a composer who came to judge musical instruments and stayed to conquer London.","note":"Berlioz came to London five times between 1847 and 1855, and each time found that the city took him more seriously than Paris did. In 1851 he stayed here as a juror at the Great Exhibition, sitting through weeks of demonstrations of pianos, harmoniums and the newly invented saxophone, which he reported on with a novelist's eye and a critic's cruelty. The next year he conducted the New Philharmonic Society at Exeter Hall, and his Memoirs, the funniest book any great composer wrote, are full of London.\n\nThe plaque calls him a composer, which in Paris in 1851 was not yet agreed. It went up in 1937.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/hector-berlioz.jpg?v=2dc1c8ce","thumb":"/img/hector-berlioz-480.jpg?v=657554c4","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Hector Berlioz's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlioz_58_Queen_Anne_Street_Marylebone_W1M_9LA.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/hector-berlioz-2.jpg?v=f9d7a2d9","thumb":"/img/hector-berlioz-2-480.jpg?v=34fd1335","width":760,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Hector Berlioz","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Pierre Petit, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlioz_Petit_BNF_Gallica-crop.jpg","thumb_width":356}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1851","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Hector Berlioz, 58 Queen Anne Street, W1G 8HW, London","in_area":{"slug":"marylebone","name":"Marylebone"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Wigmore Hall","s":"wigmore-hall","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":119},{"n":"St Christopher's Place","s":"st-christophers-place","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":255},{"n":"Wallace Collection","s":"wallace-collection","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":276}],"near_same":[{"s":"simon-bolivar","m":299},{"s":"stefan-zweig","m":471},{"s":"carl-maria-von-weber","m":491},{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":569},{"s":"talleyrand","m":577},{"s":"handel-hendrix-house","m":583}]},{"slug":"heinrich-heine","name":"Heinrich Heine","area":"Covent Garden","address":"32 Craven Street, WC2N 5NP","station":"Charing Cross","walk":1,"lat":51.507404,"lng":-0.124593,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8097134884","types":["c-de","europe","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Craven Street lodging of Germany's greatest lyric poet, who found London too much.","note":"Heine came in April 1827, aged 29, with a letter of credit for \u00a3200 from his banker uncle Salomon that was meant to be shown, not cashed; he cashed it. He lodged here for four months, walked the streets and the docks, saw the Duke of Wellington and disliked him, and wrote the English Fragments, in which he warned that one should send a philosopher to London but never a poet, because the seriousness and the size of the place would crush him.\n\nHe settled in Paris in 1831 and the Nazis, a century later, could not remove his Lorelei from the songbooks, so they printed it as anonymous. The plaque went up in 1912.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/heinrich-heine.jpg?v=bc4f1cc9","thumb":"/img/heinrich-heine-480.jpg?v=9901a734","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Heinrich Heine's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HEINRICH_HEINE_-_32_Craven_Street_Charing_Cross_London_WC2N_5NP.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/heinrich-heine-2.jpg?v=5564b7e2","thumb":"/img/heinrich-heine-2-480.jpg?v=3a6de025","width":771,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Heinrich Heine","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Moritz Daniel Oppenheim, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heinrich_Heine.PNG","thumb_width":361}],"from":null,"country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":null,"years":"1827","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Heinrich Heine, 32 Craven Street, WC2N 5NP, London","in_area":{"slug":"covent-garden","name":"Covent Garden"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"British Optical Association Museum","s":"british-optical-association-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":77},{"n":"Gordon's Wine Bar","s":"gordons-wine-bar","c":"wine","cn":"Wine","m":92},{"n":"Eleanor Cross","s":"eleanor-cross","c":"monuments","cn":"Monuments & Ruins","m":124}],"near_same":[{"s":"benjamin-franklin-house","m":34},{"s":"voltaire","m":382},{"s":"claude-monet","m":426},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":495},{"s":"charles-de-gaulle","m":663},{"s":"ottobah-cugoano","m":791}]},{"slug":"henry-james","name":"Henry James","area":"South Kensington","address":"34 De Vere Gardens, W8 5AQ","station":"High Street Kensington","walk":6,"lat":51.500129,"lng":-0.185091,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7604536071","types":["c-us","north-america","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The flat where Henry James wrote his middle novels, opposite the house where Browning lived.","note":"James took a fourth-floor flat here in 1886, after a decade of London clubs and lodgings, and kept it until 1902, when Lamb House in Rye finally claimed him. The Aspern Papers, The Tragic Muse, The Spoils of Poynton, What Maisie Knew and The Turn of the Screw were written or finished here, in rooms he liked for their light and their distance from the din of Piccadilly. Robert Browning lived across the road at number 29, and each has his plaque.\n\nHe was American by birth and English by long habit, and in 1915, in protest at America's neutrality in the war, he became a British subject; he was given the Order of Merit weeks before he died in Chelsea in 1916.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/henry-james.jpg?v=58f3ee95","thumb":"/img/henry-james-480.jpg?v=65326af0","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Henry James's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_James_1843_-_1916_writer_lived_here_1886_-_1902.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/henry-james-2.jpg?v=1b0422c0","thumb":"/img/henry-james-2-480.jpg?v=230769a0","width":819,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Henry James","caption":"","credit":"Photo by John Singer Sargent (died 1925), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_James_by_John_Singer_Sargent_cleaned.jpg","thumb_width":384}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1886\u20131902","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Henry James, 34 De Vere Gardens, W8 5AQ, London","in_area":{"slug":"kensington","name":"Kensington"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Guillam Gloucester Road","s":"guillam-gloucester-road","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":152},{"n":"Victoria Road","s":"victoria-road","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":203},{"n":"22 Hyde Park Gate","s":"22-hyde-park-gate","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":275}],"near_same":[{"s":"rudolf-nureyev","m":57},{"s":"t-s-eliot","m":188},{"s":"ezra-pound","m":602},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":864},{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":1032},{"s":"jenny-lind","m":1087}]},{"slug":"ho-chi-minh","name":"Ho Chi Minh","area":"St James's","address":"New Zealand House, 80 Haymarket, SW1Y 4TE","station":"Piccadilly Circus","walk":4,"lat":51.507842,"lng":-0.131716,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"relation/2071332","types":["asia-pacific","c-vn","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The site of the hotel kitchen where the future president of Vietnam trained under Escoffier.","note":"Before he was Ho Chi Minh he was Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5t Th\u00e0nh, a ship's galley hand from central Vietnam who came to London around 1913 and found work at the Carlton Hotel on Haymarket, where the great Escoffier ran the kitchens. He shovelled snow, washed dishes and, the story goes, was promoted to the pastry section for refusing to throw good food away. He learned English, read, and left for Paris, where he petitioned the Versailles peace conference for Vietnamese rights in 1919 and was ignored.\n\nHe founded the Vietnamese communist party in 1930, declared independence in 1945 and led the country through the wars against France and America until his death in 1969. The Carlton was bombed in 1940; New Zealand House stands on the site, with the plaque.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/ho-chi-minh.jpg?v=e1983b0b","thumb":"/img/ho-chi-minh-480.jpg?v=a00afb24","width":480,"height":640,"alt":"The plaque to Ho Chi Minh on New Zealand House, Haymarket","caption":"","credit":"Photo by R Sones, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ho_Chi_Minh_blue_plaque,_Haymarket_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1580154.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/ho-chi-minh-2.jpg?v=989d1a9e","thumb":"/img/ho-chi-minh-2.jpg?v=989d1a9e","width":282,"height":383,"alt":"Portrait of Ho Chi Minh","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ho_Chi_Minh_1946.jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"vn","country_name":"Vietnam","also":null,"years":"1913","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Ho Chi Minh, New Zealand House, 80 Haymarket, SW1Y 4TE, London","in_area":{"slug":"st-jamess","name":"St James's"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Theatre Royal Haymarket","s":"theatre-royal-haymarket","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":93},{"n":"Bija","s":"bija","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":152},{"n":"Canada House Gallery","s":"canada-house-gallery","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":160}],"near_same":[{"s":"charles-de-gaulle","m":283},{"s":"napoleon-iii","m":357},{"s":"ottobah-cugoano","m":363},{"s":"benjamin-franklin-house","m":472},{"s":"heinrich-heine","m":495},{"s":"frederic-chopin","m":575}]},{"slug":"india-house-highgate","name":"India House, Highgate","area":"Highgate","address":"65 Cromwell Avenue, N6 5HS","station":"Archway","walk":9,"lat":51.570029,"lng":-0.141349,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7999536903","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The student hostel that became the headquarters of Indian revolution, until it went too far.","note":"Shyamji Krishna Varma, a Sanskrit scholar turned nationalist, opened this house in 1905 as a hostel for Indian students, with scholarships and a newspaper, the Indian Sociologist. Vinayak Savarkar lived here from 1906 and made it something else: a school for revolution, where the 1857 rising was celebrated as a war of independence and bomb-making was discussed. Gandhi came to dinner in 1909 and argued for non-violence; a resident, Madan Lal Dhingra, shot a senior official at the Imperial Institute that July, and the house was closed.\n\nSavarkar, the founder of Hindutva, was transported to the Andamans in 1911 and is a contested figure still; the plaque, from 1985, calls him a patriot and philosopher.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/india-house-highgate.jpg?v=7fc9842f","thumb":"/img/india-house-highgate.jpg?v=7fc9842f","width":400,"height":388,"alt":"India House, 65 Cromwell Avenue, Highgate","caption":"","credit":"Photo by The original uploader was Rueben lys at English Wikipedia ., CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:India_House_today.jpg"},"figures":[{"src":"/img/india-house-highgate-2.jpg?v=c564c46f","thumb":"/img/india-house-highgate-2.jpg?v=c564c46f","width":231,"height":308,"alt":"Portrait of India House, Highgate","caption":"","credit":"Photo by User:Jayantanth, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VD_Savarkar.jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1905\u20131910","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"India House, Highgate, 65 Cromwell Avenue, N6 5HS, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Highgate Cemetery","s":"highgate-cemetery","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":500},{"n":"Highpoint","s":"highpoint","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":830},{"n":"Margot Bakery","s":"margot-bakery","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":1020}],"near_same":[{"s":"v-k-krishna-menon","m":378},{"s":"kwame-nkrumah","m":1583},{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":2438},{"s":"isokon-building","m":2468},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":2474},{"s":"katherine-mansfield","m":2544}]},{"slug":"ira-aldridge","name":"Ira Aldridge","area":"Crystal Palace","address":"5 Hamlet Road, SE19 2AP","station":"Crystal Palace","walk":3,"lat":51.415625,"lng":-0.072766,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7944920104","types":["c-us","north-america","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The first Black actor to play Othello in London, who had to leave America to be allowed on a stage.","note":"Aldridge was born in New York in 1807 and came to England at seventeen, because no American theatre would let him act. He played Othello at the Royalty Theatre in 1825, at Covent Garden in 1833 to some vicious reviews, and then across Europe for thirty years to acclaim: Prussia decorated him, Russia adored him, and he played Lear and Shylock in whiteface to audiences who had never seen a Black tragedian. He lived here in Upper Norwood, in a villa he named Luranah after his mother, in the 1860s, and died on tour in Poland in 1867.\n\nThe plaque, from 2007, is at the top of a steep suburban road; the house is much as he left it.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/ira-aldridge.jpg?v=056f277f","thumb":"/img/ira-aldridge-480.jpg?v=d9d70e09","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Ira Aldridge's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ira_Aldridge_-_5_Hamlet_Road_Upper_Norwood_SE19_2AP.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/ira-aldridge-2.jpg?v=2114c556","thumb":"/img/ira-aldridge-2-480.jpg?v=c98d7caa","width":811,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Ira Aldridge","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Taras Shevchenko, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Ira_Aldridge,_by_Taras_Shevchenko_(1858).jpg","thumb_width":380}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1860s","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Ira Aldridge, 5 Hamlet Road, SE19 2AP, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Chatsworth Bakehouse","s":"chatsworth-bakehouse","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":49},{"n":"Crystal Palace Dinosaurs","s":"crystal-palace-dinosaurs","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":480},{"n":"Crystal Palace Terraces","s":"crystal-palace-terraces","c":"monuments","cn":"Monuments & Ruins","m":681}],"near_same":[{"s":"dadabhai-naoroji","m":491},{"s":"camille-pissarro","m":637},{"s":"emile-zola","m":735},{"s":"c-l-r-james","m":5105},{"s":"peter-kropotkin","m":6125},{"s":"harold-moody","m":6483}]},{"slug":"james-mcneill-whistler-house","name":"James McNeill Whistler","area":"World's End","address":"96 Cheyne Walk, SW10 0DQ","station":"Imperial Wharf","walk":12,"lat":51.482185,"lng":-0.174414,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8028496509","types":["c-us","north-america","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where an American painted the Thames at night and invented the nocturne.","note":"Whistler was born in Massachusetts, trained in Paris and settled in Chelsea in 1863, and he lived in this house, then 2 Lindsey Row, from 1866 to 1878, the years of the river pictures. He rowed out at dusk with a boatman to memorise the fog and the lamps of Battersea, and painted the Nocturnes in the studio at the back: Old Battersea Bridge, and the one of fireworks over Cremorne Gardens that Ruskin said was a pot of paint flung in the public's face. Whistler sued, won a farthing and went bankrupt, and the house went with everything else.\n\nHe died a few doors along at 74 Cheyne Walk in 1903 and is buried in Chiswick. The plaque was one of the London County Council's first, in 1925.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/james-mcneill-whistler-house.jpg?v=03350a10","thumb":"/img/james-mcneill-whistler-house-480.jpg?v=f1a4fc29","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"James McNeill Whistler's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:JAMES_ABBOTT_MCNEILL_WHISTLER_-_96_Cheyne_Walk_Chelsea_London_SW10_0DQ.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/james-mcneill-whistler-house-2.jpg?v=f6cc9858","thumb":"/img/james-mcneill-whistler-house-2-480.jpg?v=009dbce4","width":752,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of James McNeill Whistler","caption":"","credit":"Photo by James McNeill Whistler, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Whistler_Selbstportr%C3%A4t.jpg","thumb_width":352}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1866\u20131878","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"James McNeill Whistler, 96 Cheyne Walk, SW10 0DQ, London","in_area":{"slug":"chelsea","name":"Chelsea"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Rococo Chocolates King's Road","s":"rococo-chocolates-kings-road","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":266},{"n":"Carlyle's House","s":"carlyles-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":385},{"n":"Doodle Bar","s":"doodle-bar","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":492}],"near_same":[{"s":"bob-marley","m":522},{"s":"mark-twain","m":978},{"s":"john-singer-sargent","m":1054},{"s":"bela-bartok","m":1138},{"s":"francois-guizot","m":1181},{"s":"jenny-lind","m":1194}]},{"slug":"jawaharlal-nehru","name":"Jawaharlal Nehru","area":"Notting Hill","address":"60 Elgin Crescent, W11 2JJ","station":"Ladbroke Grove","walk":5,"lat":51.514122,"lng":-0.208482,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7332239926","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Notting Hill house where the future first prime minister of India lived as a law student.","note":"Nehru came to England at fifteen, to Harrow and then Trinity College, Cambridge, and read for the bar at the Inner Temple from 1910 to 1912, living in this house on Elgin Crescent in both years. He was rich, fashionable and only mildly political, and went home to a father who was a leading lawyer of Allahabad and a movement, Gandhi's, that would take his whole life.\n\nHe spent nine years in British prisons, became independent India's first prime minister in 1947 and held the office until his death in 1964. The plaque went up in 1989; his daughter and grandson also governed India.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/jawaharlal-nehru.jpg?v=892dbd00","thumb":"/img/jawaharlal-nehru-480.jpg?v=e78f3612","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Jawaharlal Nehru's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:60_Elgin_Crescent,_Kensington_and_Chelsea,_W11.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/jawaharlal-nehru-2.jpg?v=107b2c9b","thumb":"/img/jawaharlal-nehru-2-480.jpg?v=3f063de9","width":727,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Jawaharlal Nehru","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Keystone View Company/FPG, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jawaharlal_Nehru,_circa_1925.jpg","thumb_width":341}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1910\u20131912","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Jawaharlal Nehru, 60 Elgin Crescent, W11 2JJ, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Trailer Happiness","s":"trailer-happiness","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":284},{"n":"Museum of Brands","s":"museum-of-brands","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":293},{"n":"Knoops Notting Hill","s":"knoops-notting-hill","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":308}],"near_same":[{"s":"claudia-jones","m":456},{"s":"lajos-kossuth","m":541},{"s":"lao-she","m":682},{"s":"w-h-hudson","m":711},{"s":"guglielmo-marconi","m":1001},{"s":"richard-wagner","m":1330}]},{"slug":"jenny-lind","name":"Jenny Lind","area":"Brompton","address":"189 Old Brompton Road, SW5 0AR","station":"Gloucester Road","walk":6,"lat":51.490358,"lng":-0.185605,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8018801167","types":["c-se","europe","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The last London home of the Swedish Nightingale, who gave up opera at 29 and sang for charity ever after.","note":"Lind was the greatest soprano of the 1840s and the most famous woman in Europe after the Queen, and her London debut in 1847, at Her Majesty's Theatre, set off a hysteria that had crowds sleeping in the street for tickets. Two years later she gave up the stage, toured America with P. T. Barnum, married the conductor Otto Goldschmidt and settled in England, singing only in concerts and for charity. She lived here on Old Brompton Road from 1876 to 1887, taught singing at the new Royal College of Music, and died at Malvern in 1887.\n\nThe plaque, from 1909, is one of the earliest of the scheme; she has a memorial in Poets' Corner in the Abbey, a rare thing for a singer.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/jenny-lind.jpg?v=35a63a24","thumb":"/img/jenny-lind-480.jpg?v=ab4d5b98","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Jenny Lind's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:JENNY_LIND_-_189_Old_Brompton_Road_South_Kensington_London_SW5_OBA.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/jenny-lind-2.jpg?v=a3b5e4b2","thumb":"/img/jenny-lind-2-480.jpg?v=160ba98b","width":700,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Jenny Lind","caption":"","credit":"Photo by John Carl Frederick Polycarpus Von Schneidau ( Daguerreotype in America by Beaumont Newhall. New York: Dover, 1976, p. 59, and in America of the Fifties: Letters of Fredrika Bremer . New York: American-Scandinavian Foundation, 1924, p. 210) or Luther Boswell (The Chrysler Museum acquired a daguerreotype of Jenny Lind along with a note from Mrs. Luther Boswell that described Lind coming to Brady's studio where operator Luther Boswell made the exposure.), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jenny_Lind_retouched.jpg","thumb_width":328}],"from":null,"country":"se","country_name":"Sweden","also":null,"years":"1876\u20131887","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Jenny Lind, 189 Old Brompton Road, SW5 0AR, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Rosalind Franklin's flat, Donovan Court","s":"rosalind-franklins-flat-donovan-court","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":555},{"n":"Badiani Chelsea","s":"badiani-chelsea","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":588},{"n":"Aux Merveilleux de Fred South Kensington","s":"aux-merveilleux-de-fred-south-kensington","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":603}],"near_same":[{"s":"learie-constantine","m":870},{"s":"bela-bartok","m":966},{"s":"francois-guizot","m":1020},{"s":"rudolf-nureyev","m":1050},{"s":"henry-james","m":1087},{"s":"t-s-eliot","m":1094}]},{"slug":"jimi-hendrix","name":"Jimi Hendrix","area":"Mayfair","address":"23 Brook Street, W1K 4HA","station":"Bond Street","walk":1,"lat":51.513073,"lng":-0.145894,"hours":[null,null,[10.0,17.0],[10.0,17.0],[10.0,17.0],[10.0,17.0],[10.0,17.0]],"hours_raw":"We-Su 10:00-17:00","hours_source":"web","hours_url":"https://handelhendrix.org/","hours_short":null,"hours_checked":"2026-09-03","hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":"https://handelhendrix.org/","instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5761132968","types":["c-us","inside","music","north-america"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The flat where Hendrix lived as a star, next door to the house where Handel lived as one.","note":"Hendrix came to London in September 1966 as an unknown American guitarist with a manager's promise, and by the following summer, with Hey Joe, Purple Haze and Are You Experienced, he was the most famous musician in the city. He and Kathy Etchingham took the top floor of this house in the summer of 1968, and he called it the first real home of his own. He bought a copy of Messiah when he learned who had lived next door, and told interviewers he thought Handel's ghost was about.\n\nThe flat was restored to its 1969 self, the rug and the record player and the velvet, and opened in 2016 as part of Handel Hendrix House. The plaque, from 1997, was the first English Heritage gave to a pop musician.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/jimi-hendrix.jpg?v=101639a8","thumb":"/img/jimi-hendrix-480.jpg?v=e788b2e5","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"The plaque to Jimi Hendrix at 23 Brook Street","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:JIMI_HENDRIX_-_23_Brook_Street_Mayfair_London_W1K_4HA.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/jimi-hendrix-2.jpg?v=858106bd","thumb":"/img/jimi-hendrix-2-480.jpg?v=4957afdc","width":633,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Jimi Hendrix","caption":"","credit":"Photo by A. Vente (VPRO), CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HendrixHoepla1967-2.jpg","thumb_width":297}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1968\u20131969","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Jimi Hendrix, 23 Brook Street, W1K 4HA, London","in_area":{"slug":"mayfair","name":"Mayfair"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Ben Brown Fine Arts","s":"ben-brown-fine-arts","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":66},{"n":"Bonhams","s":"bonhams","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":81},{"n":"WatchHouse Hanover","s":"watchhouse-hanover","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":90}],"near_same":[{"s":"handel-hendrix-house","m":14},{"s":"talleyrand","m":124},{"s":"alexander-korda","m":156},{"s":"john-adams","m":316},{"s":"simon-bolivar","m":564},{"s":"hector-berlioz","m":569}]},{"slug":"john-adams","name":"John Adams","area":"Mayfair","address":"9 Grosvenor Square, W1K 5AE","station":"Bond Street","walk":2,"lat":51.512566,"lng":-0.150394,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/611942677","types":["c-us","north-america","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house of America's first minister to Britain, who was also the second President.","note":"Two years after the war that made his country, John Adams was sent to represent it at the court he had rebelled against, and in June 1785 George III received him with unexpected grace. He and Abigail took this corner house on Grosvenor Square, then the grandest address in London, and lived here until 1788; their daughter Nabby was married from it. Adams found the job thankless, the trade talks went nowhere and he asked to be recalled.\n\nHe became Vice-President under Washington and the second President in 1797. The square stayed America's for two centuries, with the embassy on its west side until 2017, and the plaque, put up by the Colonial Dames of America in 1933, marks one of the few Georgian houses on it that survives.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/john-adams.jpg?v=7524d24b","thumb":"/img/john-adams-480.jpg?v=ebbf2797","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"John Adams's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Adams_-_9_Grosvenor_Square_Mayfair_London_W1K_5AE.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/john-adams-2.jpg?v=c9f6953b","thumb":"/img/john-adams-2-480.jpg?v=6a95d13a","width":844,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of John Adams","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Gilbert Stuart, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Adams_A18236.jpg","thumb_width":396}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1785\u20131788","plaque":"Colonial Dames of America","maps_q":"John Adams, 9 Grosvenor Square, W1K 5AE, London","in_area":{"slug":"mayfair","name":"Mayfair"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Grosvenor Square","s":"grosvenor-square","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":137},{"n":"Attendant","s":"attendant-mayfair","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":139},{"n":"Charles Ede","s":"charles-ede","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":148}],"near_same":[{"s":"alexander-korda","m":245},{"s":"handel-hendrix-house","m":314},{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":316},{"s":"simon-bolivar","m":416},{"s":"talleyrand","m":438},{"s":"charles-x","m":481}]},{"slug":"john-singer-sargent","name":"John Singer Sargent","area":"Chelsea","address":"31 Tite Street, SW3 4JP","station":"Sloane Square","walk":10,"lat":51.485228,"lng":-0.159988,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8377561621","types":["c-us","north-america","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The studio house where Sargent painted Edwardian London's rich, and worked until the morning he died.","note":"Sargent was born in Florence to American parents, made his name in Paris and lost it there in 1884, when the portrait of Madame X was thought indecent. He moved to London in 1886, took a studio in Tite Street, and by 1901, when he bought this house, was the most sought-after portraitist alive: the Wertheimers, Lord Ribblesdale, Ellen Terry as Lady Macbeth, all painted a few yards from where you stand. He gave up society portraits in 1907, calling them a pimp's profession, and turned to watercolour, murals for Boston and, in 1918, the great war picture Gassed.\n\nHe died in bed here in April 1925, the night before he was due to sail for America. The plaque calls him John S. Sargent, R.A., and was put up the following year.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/john-singer-sargent.jpg?v=9cc12484","thumb":"/img/john-singer-sargent-480.jpg?v=1454d53f","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"John Singer Sargent's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Singer_Sargent_31_Tite_Street_Chelsea_London_SW3_4JP.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/john-singer-sargent-2.jpg?v=6dcece27","thumb":"/img/john-singer-sargent-2-480.jpg?v=801d79e7","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of John Singer Sargent","caption":"","credit":"Photo by James E. Purdy, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Singer_Sargent_1903.jpg","thumb_width":360}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1901\u20131925","plaque":"London County Council","maps_q":"John Singer Sargent, 31 Tite Street, SW3 4JP, London","in_area":{"slug":"chelsea","name":"Chelsea"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"National Army Museum","s":"national-army-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":114},{"n":"Chelsea Physic Garden","s":"chelsea-physic-garden","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":163},{"n":"Royal Hospital Chelsea Museum","s":"royal-hospital-chelsea-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":315}],"near_same":[{"s":"mark-twain","m":275},{"s":"bob-marley","m":556},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":727},{"s":"frederick-douglass","m":859},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":862},{"s":"james-mcneill-whistler-house","m":1054}]},{"slug":"jomo-kenyatta","name":"Jomo Kenyatta","area":"Pimlico","address":"95 Cambridge Street, SW1V 4PY","station":"Pimlico","walk":7,"lat":51.489906,"lng":-0.143056,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5242668853","types":["africa","c-ke","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Pimlico house where Kenya's first president lived as a student and wrote the book that explained his people.","note":"Kenyatta came to London in 1929 to put the Kikuyu case on land to the Colonial Office, and stayed most of fifteen years. He lived in this house on Cambridge Street from 1933 to 1937, studied anthropology under Malinowski at the LSE, and turned his thesis into Facing Mount Kenya, published in 1938, the first book by an African about his own society's customs written for a European audience, with the author on the cover in a skin cloak holding a spear. He helped organise the Pan-African Congress in 1945 and went home in 1946.\n\nThe British jailed him for seven years as the supposed leader of Mau Mau, then negotiated with him; he led Kenya from independence in 1963 until his death in 1978. The plaque went up in 2005.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/jomo-kenyatta.jpg?v=1521aa1b","thumb":"/img/jomo-kenyatta-480.jpg?v=c30fb38a","width":1024,"height":1024,"alt":"95 Cambridge Street, Pimlico, with the plaque to Jomo Kenyatta","caption":"","credit":"Photo by A J Paxton, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Houses_on_Cambridge_Street,_Pimlico,_with_blue_plaque_on_no._95_to_Jomo_Kenyatta_-_geograph.org.uk_-_8012830.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/jomo-kenyatta-2.jpg?v=5ff2b477","thumb":"/img/jomo-kenyatta-2-480.jpg?v=b6e2a1cb","width":654,"height":880,"alt":"Portrait of Jomo Kenyatta","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Pridan Moshe, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jomo_Kenyatta_(cropped)_in_June_15th,_1966.jpg","thumb_width":356}],"from":null,"country":"ke","country_name":"Kenya","also":null,"years":"1933\u20131937","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Jomo Kenyatta, 95 Cambridge Street, SW1V 4PY, London","in_area":{"slug":"pimlico","name":"Pimlico"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Georgian House Hotel: the Wizard Chambers","s":"georgian-house-hotel-the-wizard-chambers","c":"harry-potter","cn":"Harry Potter","m":94},{"n":"CASK Pub and Kitchen","s":"cask-pub-and-kitchen","c":"beer","cn":"Beer","m":418},{"n":"Elizabeth Street","s":"elizabeth-street","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":585}],"near_same":[{"s":"swami-vivekananda","m":118},{"s":"joseph-conrad","m":455},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":673},{"s":"prince-metternich","m":830},{"s":"felix-mendelssohn","m":945},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":1137}]},{"slug":"joseph-conrad","name":"Joseph Conrad","area":"Victoria","address":"17 Gillingham Street, SW1V 1HN","station":"London Victoria","walk":3,"lat":51.493866,"lng":-0.141372,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/4462564526","types":["c-pl","europe","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Pimlico lodging where a Polish sea captain wrote his first novel between voyages.","note":"Conrad was born J\u00f3zef Korzeniowski in Berdychiv, now in Ukraine, the son of a Polish patriot exiled to Russia, and went to sea at sixteen; he became a British master mariner and a British subject in 1886, and learned English, his third language, in his twenties. Between voyages from 1891 he lodged in a room here on Gillingham Street, and in it, with a manuscript he carried round the world, he finished Almayer's Folly, published in 1895. The Congo journey that became Heart of Darkness was behind him; the writing life was about to begin.\n\nHe married Jessie George in 1896 and left London for the Kent countryside, where he wrote everything else. The plaque went up in 1984.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/joseph-conrad.jpg?v=6d201f8e","thumb":"/img/joseph-conrad-480.jpg?v=14e06238","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Joseph Conrad's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:JOSEPH_CONRAD_-_17_Gillingham_Street_Victoria_London_SW1V_1HN.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/joseph-conrad-2.jpg?v=fd81dae3","thumb":"/img/joseph-conrad-2-480.jpg?v=d97621ed","width":745,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Joseph Conrad","caption":"","credit":"Photo by George Charles Beresford, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joseph_Conrad-remastered_to_black_and_white.png","thumb_width":349}],"from":null,"country":"pl","country_name":"Poland","also":["Ukraine"],"years":"1891\u20131896","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Joseph Conrad, 17 Gillingham Street, SW1V 1HN, London","in_area":{"slug":"pimlico","name":"Pimlico"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Westminster Cathedral","s":"westminster-cathedral","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":252},{"n":"Luminiscence","s":"luminiscence","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":256},{"n":"Hermanos Colombian Coffee Roasters","s":"hermanos-colombian-coffee-roasters","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":304}],"near_same":[{"s":"jomo-kenyatta","m":455},{"s":"swami-vivekananda","m":479},{"s":"felix-mendelssohn","m":654},{"s":"prince-metternich","m":711},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":816},{"s":"giuseppe-garibaldi","m":1118}]},{"slug":"joseph-haydn","name":"Joseph Haydn","area":"Soho","address":"18 Great Pulteney Street, W1F 9NE","station":"Piccadilly Circus","walk":4,"lat":51.512642,"lng":-0.13632,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/4737289772","types":["c-at","europe","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Haydn's Soho lodging on his first visit, the one that made him rich and gave the world the London symphonies.","note":"Haydn spent thirty years writing for the Esterh\u00e1zy princes in a palace in the Hungarian marshes, and when the last one dismissed his orchestra in 1790 the impresario Johann Peter Salomon appeared in Vienna and said: I have come to fetch you. He arrived in January 1791, aged 58, on his first journey outside Austria, and lodged here on Great Pulteney Street, a few doors from Salomon. The concerts at the Hanover Square Rooms made him the most famous composer alive, Oxford gave him a doctorate and the twelve symphonies he wrote for London, the Surprise, the Military, the Clock and the rest, are the reason the form exists as it does.\n\nHe heard Messiah in the Abbey that year and wept, and went home to write The Creation. Westminster's plaque marks the site.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/joseph-haydn.jpg?v=b641e645","thumb":"/img/joseph-haydn-480.jpg?v=05eb867e","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The plaque to Joseph Haydn","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Paul The Archivist, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joseph_Haydn_plaque,_Great_Pulteney_Street,_Soho_(33442005386).jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/joseph-haydn-2.jpg?v=2f1f1ccb","thumb":"/img/joseph-haydn-2-480.jpg?v=ac1221e8","width":810,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Joseph Haydn","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Thomas Hardy, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joseph_Haydn,_m%C3%A5lning_av_Thomas_Hardy_fr%C3%A5n_1792.jpg","thumb_width":380}],"from":null,"country":"at","country_name":"Austria","also":null,"years":"1791\u20131792","plaque":"Westminster City Council","maps_q":"Joseph Haydn, 18 Great Pulteney Street, W1F 9NE, London","in_area":{"slug":"soho","name":"Soho"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Italian Bear Chocolate Soho","s":"italian-bear-chocolate-soho","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":75},{"n":"Broad Street Pump and John Snow Memorial","s":"broad-street-pump-and-john-snow-memorial","c":"monuments","cn":"Monuments & Ruins","m":79},{"n":"Jolene Bridle Lane","s":"jolene-bridle-lane","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":118}],"near_same":[{"s":"canaletto-in-beak-street","m":85},{"s":"karl-marx","m":295},{"s":"mary-seacole","m":452},{"s":"talleyrand","m":558},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":621},{"s":"napoleon-iii","m":649}]},{"slug":"jose-de-san-martin","name":"Jos\u00e9 de San Mart\u00edn","area":"Marylebone","address":"23 Park Road, NW1 6XN","station":"Baker Street","walk":3,"lat":51.524422,"lng":-0.159363,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/6181474885","types":["c-ar","latin-america","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The soldier who freed Argentina, Chile and Peru, stopping in Marylebone on his way into a long retirement.","note":"San Mart\u00edn crossed the Andes with an army in 1817, won Chile at Chacabuco and Maip\u00fa, landed in Peru and declared its independence in 1821, and then, after a private meeting with Bol\u00edvar at Guayaquil in 1822 that nobody has ever fully explained, walked away from it all and left for Europe. He stayed in this house in 1824, one of the stations of a life spent thereafter in Brussels, Paris and Boulogne, where he died in 1850 having refused every invitation to come back and take power.\n\nArgentina reveres him as the Father of the Nation, and the plaque, put up in 1953, calls him the Liberator without qualification. It is a few doors from the corner where Park Road meets the outer circle of Regent's Park.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/jose-de-san-martin.jpg?v=47363ef0","thumb":"/img/jose-de-san-martin-480.jpg?v=6bd10f09","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Jos\u00e9 de San Mart\u00edn's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:JOS%C3%89_DE_SAN_MART%C3%8DN_-_23_Park_Road_Marylebone_London_NW1_6XN.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/jose-de-san-martin-2.jpg?v=9235cad5","thumb":"/img/jose-de-san-martin-2-480.jpg?v=6ea264a1","width":780,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Jos\u00e9 de San Mart\u00edn","caption":"","credit":"Photo by The exact author is disputed. Some sources attribute it to Jean Baptiste Madou, others to the art teacher of San Martin's daughter, and others suspect it to be the work of many different people., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn_(retrato,_c.1828).jpg","thumb_width":366}],"from":null,"country":"ar","country_name":"Argentina","also":["Chile","Peru"],"years":"1824","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Jos\u00e9 de San Mart\u00edn, 23 Park Road, NW1 6XN, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Sherlock Holmes Museum","s":"sherlock-holmes-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":95},{"n":"Hidden London: Baker Street \u2014 the world's first Underground","s":"hidden-london-baker-street-the-worlds-first-underground","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":273},{"n":"Sherlock Holmes statue","s":"sherlock-holmes-statue","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":287}],"near_same":[{"s":"hector-berlioz","m":1023},{"s":"simon-bolivar","m":1042},{"s":"stefan-zweig","m":1151},{"s":"carl-maria-von-weber","m":1283},{"s":"john-adams","m":1457},{"s":"francisco-de-miranda","m":1484}]},{"slug":"jose-rizal","name":"Jos\u00e9 Rizal","area":"Primrose Hill","address":"37 Chalcot Crescent, NW1 8YG","station":"Chalk Farm","walk":5,"lat":51.540721,"lng":-0.156227,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/931673368","types":["asia-pacific","c-ph","statesman","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Primrose Hill house where the Philippines' national hero rewrote its history from the British Museum.","note":"Rizal was a doctor, poet, linguist and novelist whose Noli Me T\u00e1ngere, published in 1887, had made him the Spanish authorities' most wanted man. He lived in this house on Chalcot Crescent from 1888 to 1889 with the Beckett family, and spent his days in the British Museum with a 1609 Spanish history of the islands, Morga's Sucesos, which he annotated and republished to prove that the Philippines had a civilisation before the friars arrived. It became the intellectual foundation of the independence movement.\n\nHe was shot by a Spanish firing squad in Manila in December 1896, aged 35, and the revolution followed within months. The plaque went up in 1983, and Filipinos in London still come to see it.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/jose-rizal.jpg?v=9a5b2a86","thumb":"/img/jose-rizal-480.jpg?v=e55dcdb2","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Jos\u00e9 Rizal's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Megalit, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jos%C3%A9_Rizal_house.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/jose-rizal-2.jpg?v=521efb5c","thumb":"/img/jose-rizal-2-480.jpg?v=7afb1212","width":720,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Jos\u00e9 Rizal","caption":"","credit":"Photo by unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jose_Rizal_full.jpg","thumb_width":337}],"from":null,"country":"ph","country_name":"Philippines","also":null,"years":"1888\u20131889","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Jos\u00e9 Rizal, 37 Chalcot Crescent, NW1 8YG, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Sam's Cafe","s":"sams-cafe","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":146},{"n":"Primrose Hill","s":"primrose-hill","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":389},{"n":"Roundhouse","s":"roundhouse","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":406}],"near_same":[{"s":"sylvia-plath","m":36},{"s":"friedrich-engels","m":83},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":236},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":1087},{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":1145},{"s":"ruth-first-and-joe-slovo","m":1221}]},{"slug":"karl-marx","name":"Karl Marx","area":"Soho","address":"28 Dean Street, W1D 3RY","station":"Tottenham Court Road","walk":2,"lat":51.514002,"lng":-0.132649,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5441757123","types":["c-de","europe","exile","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Two rooms over a Soho restaurant where Marx lived in poverty, buried three children and began Capital.","note":"Marx was expelled from Paris in 1849 and came to London expecting to stay a few months; he stayed thirty-four years. From 1851 to 1856 the family lived in two rooms on the top floor of this house, six of them at one point, with no money except what Engels sent. Two children died in these rooms, the second of them buried in a borrowed coffin, and a third had died at number 64, a few doors down, the winter before the family moved in. Each morning he walked to the British Museum reading room, and the notebooks he filled there became the Grundrisse and, in 1867, the first volume of Das Kapital.\n\nThe family moved to Kentish Town when a legacy came, and he died in Maitland Park in 1883, buried at Highgate. The restaurant downstairs is Quo Vadis; the plaque went up in 1967.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/karl-marx.jpg?v=7ff0c658","thumb":"/img/karl-marx-480.jpg?v=d4d861f8","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Karl Marx's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Ferran Cornell\u00e0, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Restaurant_Quo_Vadis_at_Dean_Street_28,_London,_where_Karl_Marx_lived_between_1851-56.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/karl-marx-2.jpg?v=4c428576","thumb":"/img/karl-marx-2-480.jpg?v=ed4dd564","width":714,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Karl Marx","caption":"","credit":"Photo by John Jabez Edwin Mayall, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Karl_Marx_001_restored.jpg","thumb_width":334}],"from":null,"country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":null,"years":"1851\u20131856","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Karl Marx, 28 Dean Street, W1D 3RY, London","in_area":{"slug":"soho","name":"Soho"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Soho Theatre","s":"soho-theatre","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":46},{"n":"Snowflake Luxury Gelato","s":"snowflake-luxury-gelato","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":97},{"n":"Ronnie Scott's","s":"ronnie-scotts","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":97}],"near_same":[{"s":"mary-seacole","m":202},{"s":"joseph-haydn","m":295},{"s":"canaletto-in-beak-street","m":378},{"s":"ram-mohan-roy","m":561},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":687},{"s":"olaudah-equiano","m":748}]},{"slug":"katherine-mansfield","name":"Katherine Mansfield","area":"Vale of Health","address":"17 East Heath Road, NW3 1AL","station":"Hampstead","walk":6,"lat":51.560749,"lng":-0.174991,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/478315253","types":["asia-pacific","c-nz","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Hampstead house where the New Zealand writer wrote her best stories, already ill.","note":"Mansfield came from Wellington to London in 1908 at nineteen, determined to write, and in ten years reinvented the short story. She and John Middleton Murry lived in this tall house on the edge of the Heath, which they called the Elephant, from 1918 to 1919, the year she wrote Prelude and Bliss and learned she had tuberculosis. She spent the winters that followed on the Riviera and in sanatoria, and died at Fontainebleau in January 1923, aged 34.\n\nThe Garden Party, the last collection she saw published, came out in 1922. Virginia Woolf said hers was the only writing she had ever been jealous of. The plaque went up in 1969.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/katherine-mansfield.jpg?v=6a4db906","thumb":"/img/katherine-mansfield-480.jpg?v=c2d5de0d","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Katherine Mansfield's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Katherine_Mansfield_and_John_Middleton_Murry_-_17_East_Heath_Road_NW3.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/katherine-mansfield-2.jpg?v=d9149c85","thumb":"/img/katherine-mansfield-2.jpg?v=d9149c85","width":313,"height":448,"alt":"Portrait of Katherine Mansfield","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Ottoline Morrell (1873-1938), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mansfield_1917_cropped.jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"nz","country_name":"New Zealand","also":null,"years":"1918\u20131919","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Katherine Mansfield, 17 East Heath Road, NW3 1AL, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Burgh House & Hampstead Museum","s":"burgh-house-hampstead-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":283},{"n":"Hampstead Observatory","s":"hampstead-observatory","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":349},{"n":"Fenton House","s":"fenton-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":385}],"near_same":[{"s":"rabindranath-tagore","m":240},{"s":"paul-robeson","m":564},{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":611},{"s":"elias-canetti","m":782},{"s":"nikolaus-pevsner","m":997},{"s":"anna-pavlova","m":1126}]},{"slug":"kwame-nkrumah","name":"Kwame Nkrumah","area":"Dartmouth Park","address":"60 Burghley Road, NW5 1UN","station":"Tufnell Park","walk":3,"lat":51.555792,"lng":-0.141489,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7973584689","types":["africa","c-gh","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Kentish Town house from which Nkrumah organised the end of the British Empire in Africa.","note":"Nkrumah came from ten years at American universities to London in 1945, nominally to read law at Gray's Inn and philosophy at the LSE, in fact to organise. From this house on Burghley Road, where he lived until 1947, he ran the West African National Secretariat, edited its paper and, with George Padmore, put together the Pan-African Congress in Manchester in October 1945, where the timetable for independence was set by the people who would carry it out.\n\nHe went home to the Gold Coast in 1947, was jailed by the British and won an election from prison, and in 1957 made Ghana the first Black African colony to be free, its president until a coup in 1966. The plaque went up in 2005.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/kwame-nkrumah.jpg?v=1c0d62f3","thumb":"/img/kwame-nkrumah-480.jpg?v=71032e13","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Kwame Nkrumah's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:KWAME_NKRUMAH_-_60_Burghley_Road_Kentish_Town_London_NW5_1UN.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/kwame-nkrumah-2.jpg?v=b37a5a0a","thumb":"/img/kwame-nkrumah-2-480.jpg?v=8d59a404","width":681,"height":959,"alt":"Portrait of Kwame Nkrumah","caption":"","credit":"Photo by USSR Post, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kwame_Nkrumah_on_a_Soviet_stamp_(80th_anniversary_of_his_birth)_1989_CPA_6101.jpg","thumb_width":341}],"from":null,"country":"gh","country_name":"Ghana","also":null,"years":"1945\u20131947","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Kwame Nkrumah, 60 Burghley Road, NW5 1UN, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"The Southampton Arms","s":"the-southampton-arms","c":"beer","cn":"Beer","m":327},{"n":"Theatre of Wine, Tufnell Park","s":"theatre-of-wine-tufnell-park","c":"wine","cn":"Wine","m":498},{"n":"Parliament Hill Lido","s":"parliament-hill-lido","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":677}],"near_same":[{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":1304},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":1305},{"s":"isokon-building","m":1484},{"s":"india-house-highgate","m":1583},{"s":"ruth-first-and-joe-slovo","m":1711},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":1816}]},{"slug":"lajos-kossuth","name":"Lajos Kossuth","area":"Notting Hill","address":"39 Chepstow Villas, W11 3DP","station":"Notting Hill Gate","walk":6,"lat":51.512154,"lng":-0.201321,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7142098662","types":["c-hu","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where Hungary's revolutionary leader stayed on a visit that brought out the crowds and rattled the Foreign Office.","note":"Kossuth led Hungary's revolution against the Habsburgs in 1848 and governed the independent state it briefly became, until Russian troops crushed it in 1849. He escaped to Turkey and came to England in October 1851, and the reception was enormous: a hundred thousand met him at Southampton, the City gave him a banquet, and his English speeches, learned in prison from Shakespeare, astonished everyone. He stayed here on Chepstow Villas, then went to America and came back to London to live for most of the decade.\n\nAustria protested and Palmerston was reprimanded for receiving him. He died in Turin in 1894, still refusing to return to a Hungary ruled from Vienna, and Budapest gave him a state funeral. The plaque is from 1959.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/lajos-kossuth.jpg?v=70617928","thumb":"/img/lajos-kossuth-480.jpg?v=7c65a98e","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Lajos Kossuth's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LOUIS_KOSSUTH_-_39_Chepstow_Villas_Notting_Hill_London_W11_3DP.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/lajos-kossuth-2.jpg?v=d2100b19","thumb":"/img/lajos-kossuth-2-480.jpg?v=27b395d5","width":729,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Lajos Kossuth","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Southworth & Hawes, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Lajos_Kossuth,_1852.jpg","thumb_width":341}],"from":null,"country":"hu","country_name":"Hungary","also":null,"years":"1851","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Lajos Kossuth, 39 Chepstow Villas, W11 3DP, London","in_area":{"slug":"notting-hill-holland-park","name":"Notting Hill & Holland Park"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Opera Holland Park sings in Notting Hill","s":"opera-holland-park-sings-in-notting-hill","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":113},{"n":"Portobello Road","s":"portobello-road","c":"shopping","cn":"Shopping","m":185},{"n":"Hermanos Colombian Coffee Roasters","s":"hermanos-portobello-road","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":263}],"near_same":[{"s":"jawaharlal-nehru","m":541},{"s":"guglielmo-marconi","m":672},{"s":"claudia-jones","m":750},{"s":"richard-wagner","m":796},{"s":"w-h-hudson","m":840},{"s":"lao-she","m":895}]},{"slug":"lao-she","name":"Lao She","area":"Lancaster West Estate","address":"31 St James's Gardens, W11 4RE","station":"Shepherd's Bush","walk":6,"lat":51.508655,"lng":-0.212979,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7369291898","types":["asia-pacific","c-cn","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Notting Hill lodging of the Chinese novelist who wrote his first books here, one of them about London.","note":"Lao She was a Manchu schoolteacher from Beijing who came to teach Chinese at the School of Oriental Studies in 1924, and lived from 1925 to 1928 in this house on St James's Gardens with the sinologist Clement Egerton, helping him translate the erotic classic Jin Ping Mei. Lonely and underpaid, he read Dickens in the evenings and started writing: three novels, the third of them Mr Ma and Son, about a Chinese father and son running a curio shop in London and the English they meet, which is still the sharpest book about the city by an outsider.\n\nHe went home to write Rickshaw Boy and Teahouse, and in 1966, humiliated by Red Guards, drowned himself in a Beijing lake. The plaque, from 2003, was the first English Heritage gave to a Chinese figure.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/lao-she.jpg?v=ca486bde","thumb":"/img/lao-she-480.jpg?v=ca4a1f46","width":1024,"height":971,"alt":"The plaque to Lao She","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Oleg Yunakov, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lao_She_English_Heritage_Plaque.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/lao-she-2.jpg?v=8301e574","thumb":"/img/lao-she-2-480.jpg?v=99225085","width":729,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Lao She","caption":"","credit":"Photo by http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=48&showType=3&indexName=data_531&fid=RW0000WHA2079, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LaoShe.jpg","thumb_width":342}],"from":null,"country":"cn","country_name":"China","also":null,"years":"1925\u20131928","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Lao She, 31 St James's Gardens, W11 4RE, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Piano Nobile","s":"piano-nobile","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":228},{"n":"Summerill & Bishop","s":"summerill-bishop","c":"classic-british-shops","cn":"Classic British Shops","m":253},{"n":"Michael Hoppen Gallery","s":"michael-hoppen-gallery","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":380}],"near_same":[{"s":"jawaharlal-nehru","m":682},{"s":"lajos-kossuth","m":895},{"s":"chaim-weizmann","m":976},{"s":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","m":1121},{"s":"claudia-jones","m":1135},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":1284}]},{"slug":"learie-constantine","name":"Learie Constantine","area":"Earl's Court","address":"101 Lexham Gardens, W8 6JN","station":"Earl's Court","walk":5,"lat":51.495485,"lng":-0.195115,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7715719548","types":["c-tt","campaigner","caribbean","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The cricketer who took a London hotel to court for turning him away, and won.","note":"Constantine was the fastest bowler and the most exciting fielder of his generation, and the first West Indian to become a household name in England, playing for Nelson in the Lancashire League through the 1930s. In 1943 the Imperial Hotel in Russell Square refused him a room because of his colour; he sued, and the judgment in his favour was the first in English law to say that a hotel could not do that. He lived here from 1949 to 1954 while reading for the bar.\n\nHe went home to serve in Trinidad's government, came back as its first High Commissioner in 1961, and in 1969 became the first Black member of the House of Lords. The plaque went up in 2013.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/learie-constantine.jpg?v=8cc04681","thumb":"/img/learie-constantine-480.jpg?v=c4d2e2fd","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Learie Constantine's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_LEARIE_CONSTANTINE_101_Lexham_Gardens_Earls_Court_London_W8_6JN.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/learie-constantine-2.jpg?v=1ac2a5f9","thumb":"/img/learie-constantine-2-480.jpg?v=1fca9c01","width":826,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Learie Constantine","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Fairfax Corporation Restored by Adam Cuerden, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Learie_Constantine_1930_03.jpg","thumb_width":387}],"from":null,"country":"tt","country_name":"Trinidad and Tobago","also":null,"years":"1949\u20131954","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Learie Constantine, 101 Lexham Gardens, W8 6JN, London","in_area":{"slug":"kensington","name":"Kensington"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Opera Holland Park sings in Earls Court","s":"opera-holland-park-sings-in-earls-court","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":80},{"n":"18 Stafford Terrace","s":"18-stafford-terrace","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":569},{"n":"Design Museum","s":"design-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":601}],"near_same":[{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":357},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":644},{"s":"t-s-eliot","m":720},{"s":"ezra-pound","m":787},{"s":"rudolf-nureyev","m":807},{"s":"henry-james","m":864}]},{"slug":"marx-memorial-library","name":"Lenin at Clerkenwell Green","area":"Clerkenwell Green","address":"37a Clerkenwell Green, EC1R 0DU","station":"Farringdon","walk":4,"lat":51.52301,"lng":-0.10574,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":"https://www.marx-memorial-library.org.uk/","hours_short":"Tuesday to Thursday 11:00\u201316:00 by appointment; tours Mondays at 12:00 and Thursdays at 16:00","hours_checked":"2026-09-05","hours_extra":"Tours \u00a310, \u00a35 concessions, not during the summer closure. Email a week ahead to use the reading room.","runs":null,"website":"https://www.marx-memorial-library.org.uk/","instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/163032679","types":["c-ru","europe","exile","inside","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The room where Lenin edited Iskra, in a Georgian charity school that became the Marx Memorial Library.","note":"The building on Clerkenwell Green was a Welsh charity school of 1738, and by 1902 it housed the Twentieth Century Press, the socialist printers, who lent a small back office to a Russian exile calling himself Jacob Richter. Lenin edited seventeen issues of Iskra, the Spark, here between April 1902 and May 1903, and copies were smuggled into Russia in false-bottomed trunks. He lived in Holford Square, walked to the British Museum and learned his English from the speakers in Hyde Park.\n\nThe library was founded in 1933, the year the Nazis burned books, and keeps the Lenin room as it was, with his desk. It is a working library and archive of the labour movement, and runs tours.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/marx-memorial-library.jpg?v=24e62452","thumb":"/img/marx-memorial-library-480.jpg?v=d7b144fb","width":1024,"height":576,"alt":"Marx Memorial Library 37a Clerkenwell Green","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Justinc, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Marx_Memorial_Library_37a_Clerkenwell_Green.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":null,"from":"politics/marx-memorial-library","country":"ru","country_name":"Russia","also":null,"years":"1902\u20131903","plaque":null,"also_in":[{"name":"Power & Politics","href":"/politics/marx-memorial-library/"},{"name":"Literary London","href":"/literary/marx-memorial-library/"}],"maps_q":"Lenin at Clerkenwell Green, 37a Clerkenwell Green, EC1R 0DU, London","in_area":{"slug":"farringdon-clerkenwell","name":"Farringdon & Clerkenwell"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Clerkenwell Green","s":"clerkenwell-green","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":36},{"n":"Museum of the Order of St John","s":"museum-of-the-order-of-st-john","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":246},{"n":"Goldsmiths' Centre","s":"goldsmiths-centre","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":299}],"near_same":[{"s":"giuseppe-mazzini","m":559},{"s":"sun-yat-sen","m":740},{"s":"syed-ahmad-khan","m":859},{"s":"lenin-in-percy-circus","m":929},{"s":"ram-mohan-roy","m":1698},{"s":"claude-monet","m":1749}]},{"slug":"lenin-in-percy-circus","name":"Lenin in Percy Circus","area":"Pentonville","address":"16 Percy Circus, WC1X 9EE","station":"King's Cross St Pancras","walk":8,"lat":51.52921,"lng":-0.114742,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7205662768","types":["c-ru","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where Lenin lodged during the 1905 congress, on a circus of houses in Clerkenwell.","note":"The Russian Social Democrats held their congresses in London because nowhere else in Europe would have them, and in April 1905 the third one met in a pub near King's Cross with revolution breaking out at home. Lenin lodged here, at 16 Percy Circus, for the weeks it lasted, arguing the Bolshevik case that a disciplined party must lead the workers rather than wait for them. He was back in 1907 for the fifth congress at a church in Hackney, with Stalin, Trotsky and Gorky, and again in 1908 to work in the British Museum.\n\nThe house was bombed in the war and the plaque is on the hotel that replaced it. It is a ten-minute walk from Clerkenwell Green, where he had edited Iskra.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/lenin-in-percy-circus.jpg?v=2218ef61","thumb":"/img/lenin-in-percy-circus-480.jpg?v=c92f3c14","width":800,"height":600,"alt":"The plaque to Lenin at Percy Circus","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Goodwillgames, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:La_targa_in_onore_di_Lenin_in_Percy_Circus_a_Londra.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/lenin-in-percy-circus-2.jpg?v=5c80b1f1","thumb":"/img/lenin-in-percy-circus-2-480.jpg?v=662e4185","width":754,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Lenin in Percy Circus","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Pavel Zhukov, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vladimir_Lenin_in_July_1920_by_Pavel_Zhukov.jpg","thumb_width":353}],"from":null,"country":"ru","country_name":"Russia","also":null,"years":"1905","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Lenin in Percy Circus, 16 Percy Circus, WC1X 9EE, London","in_area":{"slug":"farringdon-clerkenwell","name":"Farringdon & Clerkenwell"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Lloyd Square","s":"lloyd-square","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":228},{"n":"Claremont Square","s":"claremont-square","c":"harry-potter","cn":"Harry Potter","m":377},{"n":"Scala","s":"scala","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":438}],"near_same":[{"s":"syed-ahmad-khan","m":478},{"s":"marx-memorial-library","m":929},{"s":"sun-yat-sen","m":1142},{"s":"giuseppe-mazzini","m":1329},{"s":"choshu-five","m":1391},{"s":"george-padmore","m":1448}]},{"slug":"marcus-garvey","name":"Marcus Garvey","area":"West Kensington","address":"53 Talgarth Road, W14 9DD","station":"West Kensington","walk":3,"lat":51.490336,"lng":-0.209543,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7995272730","types":["c-jm","campaigner","caribbean","exile"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The last home of the man who told Black people everywhere to look to Africa.","note":"Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association in Jamaica in 1914 and built it, from Harlem, into the largest Black movement the world had seen, with millions of members, a newspaper and a shipping line. Convicted of mail fraud in a trial his supporters called political, he was deported from the United States in 1927 and came to London in 1935. He ran the UNIA from an office in Beaumont Crescent, spoke at Speakers' Corner every Sunday and lived here, where he died after a stroke in June 1940, having read his own obituaries.\n\nJamaica brought his body home in 1964 and made him its first National Hero. The plaque was put up in 2005.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/marcus-garvey.jpg?v=9a8625a5","thumb":"/img/marcus-garvey-480.jpg?v=0c32a9fb","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Marcus Garvey's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARCUS_GARVEY_-_53_Talgarth_Road_Barons_Court_London_W14_9DD.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/marcus-garvey-2.jpg?v=36e005e7","thumb":"/img/marcus-garvey-2-480.jpg?v=aceba351","width":668,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Marcus Garvey","caption":"","credit":"Photo by from George Grantham Bain Collection, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Marcus_Garvey_1924-08-05.jpg","thumb_width":313}],"from":null,"country":"jm","country_name":"Jamaica","also":null,"years":"1935\u20131940","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Marcus Garvey, 53 Talgarth Road, W14 9DD, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Ideal Home Show","s":"ideal-home-show","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":709},{"n":"Chat Noir","s":"chat-noir","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":742},{"n":"Leighton House Museum","s":"leighton-house-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1023}],"near_same":[{"s":"gandhi-the-student","m":87},{"s":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","m":935},{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":1053},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":1113},{"s":"chaim-weizmann","m":1115},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":1151}]},{"slug":"mark-twain","name":"Mark Twain","area":"Chelsea","address":"23 Tedworth Square, SW3 4DR","station":"Sloane Square","walk":9,"lat":51.487071,"lng":-0.162655,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8028496491","types":["c-us","north-america","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house Twain rented cheaply after his bankruptcy, where a reporter asked if he was dead.","note":"Twain arrived in the autumn of 1896 broke, grieving and famous. A publishing venture had bankrupted him, a world lecture tour had been undertaken to pay the creditors, and while he was on it his daughter Susy died of meningitis. He rented this house for a year of mourning and work, and wrote Following the Equator here, the book that cleared his debts.\n\nThe famous line belongs to this address. In 1897 a New York paper, hearing he was ill, sent a young journalist round to enquire, and Twain told him that the report of his death was an exaggeration. The house is a plain one on a square; the plaque went up in 1960.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/mark-twain.jpg?v=8eb40f8c","thumb":"/img/mark-twain-480.jpg?v=1c580ba1","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Mark Twain's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_home_of_SAMUEL_L._CLEMENS_MARK_TWAIN_-23_Tedworth_Square,_Chelsea,_SW3_5DR.JPG","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/mark-twain-2.jpg?v=47963772","thumb":"/img/mark-twain-2-480.jpg?v=b00e820a","width":826,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Mark Twain","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MarkTwain.LOC.jpg","thumb_width":387}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1896\u20131897","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Mark Twain, 23 Tedworth Square, SW3 4DR, London","in_area":{"slug":"chelsea","name":"Chelsea"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"National Army Museum","s":"national-army-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":188},{"n":"Venchi King's Road","s":"venchi-kings-road","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":258},{"n":"Knoops Chelsea","s":"knoops-chelsea","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":266}],"near_same":[{"s":"john-singer-sargent","m":275},{"s":"bob-marley","m":457},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":572},{"s":"frederick-douglass","m":604},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":854},{"s":"francois-guizot","m":862}]},{"slug":"mary-seacole","name":"Mary Seacole","area":"St Giles","address":"14 Soho Square, W1D 3QG","station":"Tottenham Court Road","walk":1,"lat":51.5158,"lng":-0.132192,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5419502299","types":["c-jm","campaigner","caribbean"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where the nurse of the Crimea wrote her memoir, bankrupt and famous, in the year after the war.","note":"Seacole was a Jamaican doctress, the daughter of a Scottish soldier and a free Black woman who kept a boarding house for invalids in Kingston. When the War Office turned her down in 1854 she went to the Crimea at her own expense and set up the British Hotel near Balaclava, feeding and nursing officers and going onto the battlefield with her bag. She came home in 1856 penniless, and while living in this house on Soho Square in 1857 wrote Wonderful Adventures of Mrs Seacole in Many Lands, the first autobiography by a Black woman published in Britain. A benefit festival for her filled the Royal Surrey Gardens that summer.\n\nShe died in Paddington in 1881 and was largely forgotten for a century. Her statue stands outside St Thomas' Hospital, facing Parliament.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/mary-seacole.jpg?v=eacd90b2","thumb":"/img/mary-seacole-480.jpg?v=dcdae6a3","width":1024,"height":890,"alt":"The plaque to Mary Seacole","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Man vyi, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mary_Seacole_plaque_London.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/mary-seacole-2.jpg?v=8cd054f3","thumb":"/img/mary-seacole-2-480.jpg?v=67b80579","width":762,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Mary Seacole","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Albert Charles Challen, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seacole_-_Challen.jpg","thumb_width":357}],"from":null,"country":"jm","country_name":"Jamaica","also":null,"years":"1857","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Mary Seacole, 14 Soho Square, W1D 3QG, London","in_area":{"slug":"soho","name":"Soho"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Happy Sky Japanese Bakery","s":"happy-sky-japanese-bakery","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":89},{"n":"Pizza Express Live Dean Street","s":"pizza-express-live-dean-street","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":113},{"n":"Donutelier Soho Place","s":"donutelier-soho-place","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":120}],"near_same":[{"s":"karl-marx","m":202},{"s":"ram-mohan-roy","m":370},{"s":"joseph-haydn","m":452},{"s":"canaletto-in-beak-street","m":523},{"s":"olaudah-equiano","m":619},{"s":"carl-maria-von-weber","m":828}]},{"slug":"melanie-klein","name":"Melanie Klein","area":"South Hampstead","address":"42 Clifton Hill, NW8 0QG","station":"South Hampstead","walk":6,"lat":51.537487,"lng":-0.181551,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8108891929","types":["c-at","europe","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The home of the analyst who took psychoanalysis into the nursery.","note":"Klein was born in Vienna, trained in Budapest and Berlin, and came to London in 1926 at the invitation of Ernest Jones, having found a way of analysing small children by watching them play. Her ideas about infancy, the good and bad breast, envy and reparation, split the British Psychoanalytical Society down the middle, and the Controversial Discussions of the 1940s between her followers and Anna Freud's are still being argued. She lived in this house from 1946 until her death in 1960.\n\nObject relations, the school she founded, is the dominant tradition of British psychoanalysis. The plaque went up in 1985.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/melanie-klein.jpg?v=bf0083c5","thumb":"/img/melanie-klein-480.jpg?v=0de75125","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Melanie Klein's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Tobias Einfalt, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Home_of_Melanie_Klein_in_London,_42_Clifton_Hill,_Westminster,_NW8.JPG","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/melanie-klein-2.jpg?v=ba032ccc","thumb":"/img/melanie-klein-2-480.jpg?v=dc1262f7","width":816,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Melanie Klein","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Douglas Glass, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Melanie_Klein_1952.jpg","thumb_width":383}],"from":null,"country":"at","country_name":"Austria","also":null,"years":"1946\u20131960","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Melanie Klein, 42 Clifton Hill, NW8 0QG, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Alexandra Road Estate","s":"alexandra-road-estate","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":242},{"n":"Ben Uri Gallery, The London Jewish Museum of Art","s":"ben-uri-gallery-the-london-jewish-museum-of-art","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":261},{"n":"Hampstead Theatre","s":"hampstead-theatre","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":888}],"near_same":[{"s":"oskar-kokoschka","m":477},{"s":"david-ben-gurion","m":1211},{"s":"freud-museum","m":1237},{"s":"friedrich-engels","m":1704},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":1776},{"s":"jose-rizal","m":1787}]},{"slug":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","name":"Muhammad Ali Jinnah","area":"Brook Green","address":"35 Russell Road, W14 8HT","station":"Kensington (Olympia)","walk":2,"lat":51.498744,"lng":-0.209987,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7406212041","types":["asia-pacific","c-pk","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Kensington house where the founder of Pakistan stayed as the youngest barrister in India's history.","note":"Jinnah came to London at sixteen in 1892, for a business apprenticeship his father had arranged, and switched to the law at Lincoln's Inn, choosing it, he said, because the name of the Prophet was among the great lawgivers on its walls. He stayed in this house on Russell Road in 1895, was called to the bar in 1896 at nineteen, and went home to Bombay to become the best-paid lawyer in India and the ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity, before a long estrangement from Congress made him the advocate of a separate state.\n\nPakistan was born in August 1947 with him as its Governor-General, and he died thirteen months later. The plaque went up in 1955.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/muhammad-ali-jinnah.jpg?v=43c3471c","thumb":"/img/muhammad-ali-jinnah-480.jpg?v=43014c6c","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Muhammad Ali Jinnah's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Quaid_i_Azam_Mohammed_Ali_JINNAH_-_35_Russell_Road_Holland_Park_London_W14_8HU.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/muhammad-ali-jinnah-2.jpg?v=3cbcbbd3","thumb":"/img/muhammad-ali-jinnah-2-480.jpg?v=452b079f","width":780,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Muhammad Ali Jinnah","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jinnah1945c.jpg","thumb_width":365}],"from":null,"country":"pk","country_name":"Pakistan","also":null,"years":"1895","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Muhammad Ali Jinnah, 35 Russell Road, W14 8HT, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Ideal Home Show","s":"ideal-home-show","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":237},{"n":"Debenham House","s":"debenham-house","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":420},{"n":"Leighton House Museum","s":"leighton-house-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":478}],"near_same":[{"s":"chaim-weizmann","m":207},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":541},{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":754},{"s":"marcus-garvey","m":935},{"s":"gandhi-the-student","m":990},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":1091}]},{"slug":"napoleon-iii","name":"Napoleon III","area":"St James's","address":"1C King Street, SW1Y 6QG","station":"Piccadilly Circus","walk":5,"lat":51.506807,"lng":-0.1366,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8121187544","types":["c-fr","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The oldest plaque in London, on the house where a future emperor waited for his moment.","note":"Louis-Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte, the great Napoleon's nephew, lived in London as an exile twice: in the late 1830s, and again from 1846, after escaping from the fortress of Ham disguised as a workman. He was living here on King Street in the spring of 1848 when revolution toppled Louis-Philippe, and while he waited for the call he signed up as a special constable against the Chartist march on Kennington Common. By December he was President of the Republic, by 1852 Emperor of the French.\n\nThe plaque was put up in 1867 by the Society of Arts, the first scheme of its kind, and is the oldest still in place. Six years later, deposed after Sedan, he was back in exile in Chislehurst, where he died.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/napoleon-iii.jpg?v=c9eb86d7","thumb":"/img/napoleon-iii-480.jpg?v=21149efb","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Napoleon III's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Napoleon_III_-_1c_King_Street_St_James%27s_SW1Y_6QG.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/napoleon-iii-2.jpg?v=231cfa55","thumb":"/img/napoleon-iii-2-480.jpg?v=2543c6c4","width":898,"height":1400,"alt":"Portrait of Napoleon III","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Franz Xaver Winterhalter, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Franz_Xaver_Winterhalter_Napoleon_III.jpg","thumb_width":308}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1848","plaque":"Society of Arts, 1867","maps_q":"Napoleon III, 1C King Street, SW1Y 6QG, London","in_area":{"slug":"st-jamess","name":"St James's"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"The London Library","s":"the-london-library","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":61},{"n":"Ada Lovelace's house, 12 St James's Square","s":"ada-lovelaces-house-12-st-jamess-square","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":94},{"n":"White Cube Mason's Yard","s":"white-cube-masons-yard","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":98}],"near_same":[{"s":"ottobah-cugoano","m":136},{"s":"frederic-chopin","m":220},{"s":"charles-de-gaulle","m":237},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":357},{"s":"giuseppe-garibaldi","m":374},{"s":"canaletto-in-beak-street","m":630}]},{"slug":"natsume-soseki","name":"Natsume S\u014dseki","area":"Clapham","address":"81 The Chase, SW4 0NR","station":"Wandsworth Road","walk":10,"lat":51.465605,"lng":-0.147638,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8039445105","types":["asia-pacific","c-jp","student","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Clapham lodging where Japan's greatest modern novelist spent the unhappiest years of his life.","note":"Natsume was sent to London by the Japanese government in 1900 to study English literature, on an allowance that barely covered a room. He moved five times and settled here on The Chase for his last year, reading alone for hours, avoiding people and going, by his own account, half mad. He went home in 1903, and within three years had written I Am a Cat and Botchan; Kokoro, in 1914, is the novel Japan puts at the centre of its literature.\n\nHis face was on the thousand-yen note for twenty years. A small museum of him ran opposite this house until 2016, and the plaque stayed.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/natsume-soseki.jpg?v=df19ba57","thumb":"/img/natsume-soseki-480.jpg?v=2f924a36","width":480,"height":640,"alt":"Natsume S\u014dseki's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Nesnad, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Natsume_Soseki_house_Clapham.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/natsume-soseki-2.jpg?v=529c69d0","thumb":"/img/natsume-soseki-2-480.jpg?v=be8de1df","width":750,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Natsume S\u014dseki","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Ogawa Kazumasa, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Natsume_Soseki_photo.jpg","thumb_width":351}],"from":null,"country":"jp","country_name":"Japan","also":null,"years":"1901\u20131902","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Natsume S\u014dseki, 81 The Chase, SW4 0NR, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Clapham Book Festival","s":"clapham-book-festival","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":420},{"n":"Megan's Old Town","s":"megans-old-town","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":539},{"n":"575 Wandsworth Road","s":"575-wandsworth-road","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":664}],"near_same":[{"s":"vincent-van-gogh","m":2453},{"s":"bob-marley","m":2550},{"s":"james-mcneill-whistler-house","m":2615},{"s":"john-singer-sargent","m":2829},{"s":"jomo-kenyatta","m":2861},{"s":"mark-twain","m":2875}]},{"slug":"nellie-melba","name":"Nellie Melba","area":"Coombe","address":"Coombe House, Devey Close, Kingston upon Thames, KT2 7DS","station":"New Malden","walk":17,"lat":51.41638,"lng":-0.254022,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8032634497","types":["asia-pacific","c-au","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Kingston house where Australia's great soprano lived during her Covent Garden seasons.","note":"Melba took her name from Melbourne and made Covent Garden hers for nearly forty years, from her debut in 1888 to a farewell in 1926 that filled the house with weeping. She was the first Australian to be famous everywhere, and the first diva of the gramophone; Escoffier at the Savoy invented the peach dish and the toast for her. She rented Coombe House, on the hill above Kingston, in 1906, when the plaque says she resided here, and it was one of several English homes she kept near the opera house.\n\nShe died in Sydney in 1931. The plaque, from 2011, is at the end of a private close, and the flag is Australia's, which she carried as much as anyone.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/nellie-melba.jpg?v=dacc531c","thumb":"/img/nellie-melba-480.jpg?v=d8f3327d","width":1024,"height":1024,"alt":"The plaque to Nellie Melba","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Mark Morgan, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dame_Nellie_Melba_plaque.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/nellie-melba-2.jpg?v=b7498f27","thumb":"/img/nellie-melba-2-480.jpg?v=866b16a2","width":776,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Nellie Melba","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Numa Blanc Fils (photographic studio), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nellie_Melba_1892.jpg","thumb_width":364}],"from":null,"country":"au","country_name":"Australia","also":null,"years":"1906","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Nellie Melba, Coombe House, Devey Close, Kingston upon Thames, KT2 7DS, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Cannizaro Park","s":"cannizaro-park","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":1785},{"n":"Wimbledon Common","s":"wimbledon-common","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":1867},{"n":"Dorich House","s":"dorich-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1987}],"near_same":[{"s":"bernardo-ohiggins","m":5709},{"s":"gandhi-the-student","m":8867},{"s":"marcus-garvey","m":8910},{"s":"natsume-soseki","m":9183},{"s":"james-mcneill-whistler-house","m":9215},{"s":"jenny-lind","m":9495}]},{"slug":"nikolaus-pevsner","name":"Nikolaus Pevsner","area":"North End","address":"2 Wildwood Terrace, NW3 7HT","station":"Golders Green","walk":12,"lat":51.568574,"lng":-0.182045,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/4894117960","types":["c-de","europe","exile","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The home for nearly fifty years of the German refugee who described every building in England.","note":"Pevsner was an art historian at G\u00f6ttingen when the Nazis dismissed him in 1933 for being Jewish, and he came to England with no job and imperfect English. He lived in this house from 1936 until his death in 1983, and from it, mostly by driving round the country with his wife Lola in an old car, wrote The Buildings of England: forty-six county volumes in twenty-three years, every church, house and town hall worth a sentence, in a voice so dry it became a national joke and a national institution.\n\nHe also gave the Reith Lectures, edited the Pelican History of Art and was knighted. The plaque went up in 2007.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/nikolaus-pevsner.jpg?v=db0b80ba","thumb":"/img/nikolaus-pevsner-480.jpg?v=d6f8a1ec","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Nikolaus Pevsner's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Nikolaus_Pevsner_-_2_Wildwood_Terrace_Hampstead_London_NW3_7HT.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/nikolaus-pevsner-2.jpg?v=30fc51c9","thumb":"/img/nikolaus-pevsner-2-480.jpg?v=9fb47841","width":738,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Nikolaus Pevsner","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Genja Jonas (+ 1938), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nikolaus_Pevsner_(1929)_von_Genja_Jonas.jpg","thumb_width":346}],"from":null,"country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":null,"years":"1936\u20131983","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Nikolaus Pevsner, 2 Wildwood Terrace, NW3 7HT, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Hampstead Observatory","s":"hampstead-observatory","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":900},{"n":"Fenton House","s":"fenton-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1090},{"n":"Burgh House & Hampstead Museum","s":"burgh-house-hampstead-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1249}],"near_same":[{"s":"anna-pavlova","m":228},{"s":"rabindranath-tagore","m":756},{"s":"paul-robeson","m":869},{"s":"katherine-mansfield","m":997},{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":1258},{"s":"tomas-masaryk","m":1341}]},{"slug":"olaudah-equiano","name":"Olaudah Equiano","area":"East Marylebone","address":"73 Riding House Street, W1W 7EJ","station":"Goodge Street","walk":4,"lat":51.519515,"lng":-0.138865,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/12600661431","types":["africa","c-ng","campaigner","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where a former slave published the book that made him the voice of abolition.","note":"Equiano was, by his own account, kidnapped as a boy in what is now Nigeria, sold across the Atlantic, and served in the Royal Navy and on merchant ships before buying his freedom in 1766 for \u00a340. In 1789, living in a house on this site, then 10 Union Street, he published The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, the first slave narrative to reach a mass readership, and spent the next five years touring Britain and Ireland selling it, nine editions in his lifetime. With Ottobah Cugoano he founded the Sons of Africa, the first Black political organisation in Britain.\n\nHe married Susannah Cullen of Soham in 1792 and died in 1797, ten years before the trade was abolished. The plaque went up in 2000.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/olaudah-equiano.jpg?v=6141506e","thumb":"/img/olaudah-equiano-480.jpg?v=4829e5cf","width":1024,"height":872,"alt":"The plaque to Olaudah Equiano","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Philafrenzy, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Olaudah_Equiano_plaque_at_Charles_Bell_House,_UCL,_Riding_House_Street.JPG","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/olaudah-equiano-2.jpg?v=144d5145","thumb":"/img/olaudah-equiano-2-480.jpg?v=bd1a9f1f","width":636,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Olaudah Equiano","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Olaudah_Equiano_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15399.png","thumb_width":298}],"from":null,"country":"ng","country_name":"Nigeria","also":null,"years":"1789","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Olaudah Equiano, 73 Riding House Street, W1W 7EJ, London","in_area":{"slug":"fitzrovia","name":"Fitzrovia"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Fitzrovia Chapel","s":"fitzrovia-chapel","c":"sacred","cn":"Sacred London","m":73},{"n":"Attendant","s":"attendant-foley","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":131},{"n":"XO Chocolate","s":"xo-chocolate","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":136}],"near_same":[{"s":"carl-maria-von-weber","m":256},{"s":"stefan-zweig","m":368},{"s":"francisco-de-miranda","m":446},{"s":"mary-seacole","m":619},{"s":"ram-mohan-roy","m":674},{"s":"choshu-five","m":687}]},{"slug":"oliver-tambo","name":"Oliver Tambo","area":"Colney Hatch","address":"51 Alexandra Park Road, N10 2DG","station":"Alexandra Palace","walk":18,"lat":51.597765,"lng":-0.14181,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/454654315","types":["africa","c-za","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Muswell Hill family home of the man who kept the ANC alive for thirty years of exile.","note":"Tambo was Nelson Mandela's law partner in Johannesburg and was sent out of South Africa in 1960, after Sharpeville, to build the movement abroad. He and Adelaide bought this house on Alexandra Park Road and it was home for thirty years, the place their children grew up and the address to which the anti-apartheid struggle's post came, while he travelled the world as the ANC's president in exile, from 1967, holding together a movement whose leaders were in prison and whose army was in camps in Angola.\n\nHe went home in December 1990, ten months after Mandela's release, and died in 1993, a year before the vote he had worked for. A bust of him stands in the park at the end of the road. The plaque went up in 2019.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/oliver-tambo.jpg?v=ec1ff1c0","thumb":"/img/oliver-tambo-480.jpg?v=9392c321","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Oliver Tambo's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oliver_and_Adelaide_Tambo_-_51_Alexandra_Park_Road_London_N10_2DG.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/oliver-tambo-2.jpg?v=40c737fb","thumb":"/img/oliver-tambo-2-480.jpg?v=4338fce1","width":767,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Oliver Tambo","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Rob Croes for Anefo, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oliver_Tambo_(1981).jpg","thumb_width":360}],"from":null,"country":"za","country_name":"South Africa","also":null,"years":"1960\u20131990","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Oliver Tambo, 51 Alexandra Park Road, N10 2DG, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Alexandra Palace","s":"alexandra-palace","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":850},{"n":"Alexandra Palace: the BBC's first studios","s":"alexandra-palace-the-bbcs-first-studios","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":850},{"n":"Doppio Coffee","s":"doppio-coffee","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":896}],"near_same":[{"s":"v-k-krishna-menon","m":2760},{"s":"india-house-highgate","m":3084},{"s":"nikolaus-pevsner","m":4273},{"s":"anna-pavlova","m":4425},{"s":"rabindranath-tagore","m":4584},{"s":"kwame-nkrumah","m":4667}]},{"slug":"oskar-kokoschka","name":"Oskar Kokoschka","area":"St John's Wood","address":"Eyre Court, Finchley Road, NW8 9TT","station":"St. John's Wood","walk":1,"lat":51.535265,"lng":-0.175638,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8108891933","types":["c-at","europe","exile","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The London base of the painter Hitler called degenerate, who painted here into his nineties.","note":"Kokoschka was the wild man of Viennese expressionism, painter of the Bride of the Wind and lover of Alma Mahler, and the Nazis hung him in their exhibition of degenerate art. He fled Prague for London in 1938 with his future wife Olda, painted political allegories through the war and became a British subject in 1947. From 1953 he divided his time between Switzerland and this block of flats on the Finchley Road, which he kept as his London home until his death in 1980.\n\nThe Tate has his views of the Thames from the Savoy. The plaque, put up in 2011, is on a mansion block that is not much to look at, which he would not have minded.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/oskar-kokoschka.jpg?v=02b8a4f0","thumb":"/img/oskar-kokoschka-480.jpg?v=11b08f4f","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Oskar Kokoschka's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:OSKAR_KOKOSCHKA_-_Eyre_Court_Finchley_Road_St_John%27s_Wood_London_NW8_9TX.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/oskar-kokoschka-2.jpg?v=8ac68a94","thumb":"/img/oskar-kokoschka-2-480.jpg?v=516d4c6e","width":814,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Oskar Kokoschka","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Hugo Erfurth, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oskar_Kokoschka_by_Hugo_Erfurth_1919.jpg","thumb_width":381}],"from":null,"country":"at","country_name":"Austria","also":null,"years":"1953\u20131980","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Oskar Kokoschka, Eyre Court, Finchley Road, NW8 9TT, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Alexandra Road Estate","s":"alexandra-road-estate","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":695},{"n":"Ben Uri Gallery, The London Jewish Museum of Art","s":"ben-uri-gallery-the-london-jewish-museum-of-art","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":715},{"n":"Marylebone Cricket Club Museum","s":"marylebone-cricket-club-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":796}],"near_same":[{"s":"melanie-klein","m":477},{"s":"david-ben-gurion","m":1100},{"s":"friedrich-engels","m":1390},{"s":"freud-museum","m":1455},{"s":"jose-rizal","m":1473},{"s":"sylvia-plath","m":1509}]},{"slug":"ottobah-cugoano","name":"Ottobah Cugoano","area":"St James's","address":"Schomberg House, 80\u201382 Pall Mall, SW1Y 5HF","station":"Piccadilly Circus","walk":6,"lat":51.505717,"lng":-0.135704,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"relation/5492192","types":["africa","c-gh","campaigner","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The painters' house on Pall Mall where a former slave wrote the first African demand for total abolition.","note":"Cugoano was born in what is now Ghana around 1757, kidnapped at thirteen, enslaved on Grenada and brought to England in 1772, where he was baptised John Stuart and freed. By 1784 he was a servant to Richard and Maria Cosway, the fashionable painters who lived and entertained at Schomberg House, and from here, in 1787, he published Thoughts and Sentiments on the Evil of Slavery, which went further than any abolitionist had: not amelioration, not the end of the trade, but the freeing of every enslaved person at once. With Equiano he founded the Sons of Africa and wrote to the King and the Prince of Wales.\n\nHe disappears from the record after 1791. The plaque went up in 2020, and the house, of 1698, still stands.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/ottobah-cugoano.jpg?v=051f1278","thumb":"/img/ottobah-cugoano-480.jpg?v=ddf9f7da","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Schomberg House on Pall Mall, with the plaque to Ottobah Cugoano","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:OTTOBAH_CUGOANO_-_Schomberg_House,_80-82_Pall_Mall,_London,_SW1Y_5HF,_City_of_Westminster.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/ottobah-cugoano-2.jpg?v=792c606a","thumb":"/img/ottobah-cugoano-2.jpg?v=792c606a","width":323,"height":325,"alt":"Portrait of Ottobah Cugoano","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Richard Cosway, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_and_Maria_Cosway,_and_Ottobah_Cugoano_1784_(cropped)_(cropped).jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"gh","country_name":"Ghana","also":null,"years":"1784\u20131791","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Ottobah Cugoano, Schomberg House, 80\u201382 Pall Mall, SW1Y 5HF, London","in_area":{"slug":"st-jamess","name":"St James's"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Cristea Roberts Gallery","s":"cristea-roberts-gallery","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":42},{"n":"Marlborough House","s":"marlborough-house","c":"politics","cn":"Power & Politics","m":85},{"n":"George VI and Queen Elizabeth memorial","s":"george-vi-and-queen-elizabeth-memorial","c":"royal","cn":"Royal London","m":142}],"near_same":[{"s":"charles-de-gaulle","m":136},{"s":"napoleon-iii","m":136},{"s":"frederic-chopin","m":257},{"s":"giuseppe-garibaldi","m":316},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":363},{"s":"canaletto-in-beak-street","m":759}]},{"slug":"paul-robeson","name":"Paul Robeson","area":"Vale of Health","address":"The Chestnuts, Branch Hill, NW3 7NA","station":"Hampstead","walk":7,"lat":51.560781,"lng":-0.183157,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7973584705","types":["c-us","campaigner","north-america","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The singer and actor whose London years turned him into a campaigner, in a house on the edge of the Heath.","note":"Robeson came to London for Show Boat in 1928 and stayed for the better part of a decade. Ol' Man River made him famous; his Othello at the Savoy in 1930, opposite Peggy Ashcroft, was the first by a Black actor on a London stage in nearly a century. He and Eslanda lived here at The Chestnuts, above Branch Hill, in 1929 and 1930.\n\nIt was London that politicised him. He sang for Welsh miners marching on the capital, went to the Soviet Union, went to Spain during the civil war, and returned to America in 1939 as a man the government would spend the next twenty years trying to silence. English Heritage put the plaque up in 2002.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/paul-robeson.jpg?v=d812761e","thumb":"/img/paul-robeson-480.jpg?v=81922f0c","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Paul Robeson's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Megalit, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Paul_Robeson_house.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/paul-robeson-2.jpg?v=d170cfc5","thumb":"/img/paul-robeson-2-480.jpg?v=85905196","width":821,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Paul Robeson","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Gordon Parks , Office of War Information; cropped by Beyond My Ken 07:13, 3 February 2011 (UTC), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Paul_Robeson_1942_crop.jpg","thumb_width":385}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1929\u20131930","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Paul Robeson, The Chestnuts, Branch Hill, NW3 7NA, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Hampstead Observatory","s":"hampstead-observatory","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":217},{"n":"Fenton House","s":"fenton-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":319},{"n":"Burgh House & Hampstead Museum","s":"burgh-house-hampstead-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":627}],"near_same":[{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":402},{"s":"rabindranath-tagore","m":498},{"s":"katherine-mansfield","m":564},{"s":"nikolaus-pevsner","m":869},{"s":"anna-pavlova","m":879},{"s":"tomas-masaryk","m":898}]},{"slug":"percy-grainger","name":"Percy Grainger","area":"Chelsea","address":"31 King's Road, SW3 4RP","station":"Sloane Square","walk":3,"lat":51.491757,"lng":-0.159217,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8360268077","types":["asia-pacific","c-au","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Chelsea flat of the Australian pianist who went out with a phonograph and saved English folk song.","note":"Grainger came from Melbourne by way of Frankfurt and lived in London from 1901 to 1914, mostly here on King's Road with his mother Rose, the dominating presence of his life. He was a star pianist, but the work that lasted was done in Lincolnshire fields with an Edison phonograph, recording the singers whose songs became Country Gardens, Shepherd's Hey and Lincolnshire Posy, and his settings of them made him famous. He was Grieg's friend and the first to record folk singers rather than transcribe them.\n\nHe left for America in 1914 and became a citizen; his later years were spent on free music machines and a museum of himself in Melbourne. The plaque went up in 1988.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/percy-grainger.jpg?v=1b6bea2c","thumb":"/img/percy-grainger-480.jpg?v=3748caad","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Percy Grainger's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PERCY_GRAINGER_-_31_King%27s_Road,_Chelsea,_SW3_4RP.JPG","thumb_width":360},"figures":null,"from":null,"country":"au","country_name":"Australia","also":null,"years":"1908\u20131914","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Percy Grainger, 31 King's Road, SW3 4RP, London","in_area":{"slug":"chelsea","name":"Chelsea"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Peter Jones","s":"peter-jones","c":"shopping","cn":"Shopping","m":58},{"n":"John Sandoe Books","s":"john-sandoe-books","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":126},{"n":"Saatchi Gallery","s":"saatchi-gallery","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":126}],"near_same":[{"s":"frederick-douglass","m":403},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":467},{"s":"mark-twain","m":572},{"s":"prince-metternich","m":668},{"s":"john-singer-sargent","m":727},{"s":"francois-guizot","m":843}]},{"slug":"peter-kropotkin","name":"Peter Kropotkin","area":"Plaistow","address":"6 Crescent Road, Bromley, BR1 3PW","station":"Bromley North","walk":4,"lat":51.411898,"lng":0.015352,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7944920155","types":["c-ru","europe","exile","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Bromley villa where an anarchist prince wrote Mutual Aid, and the neighbours found him charming.","note":"Kropotkin was born a prince, explored Siberia as a geographer, gave up his title for the revolution, escaped from a Tsarist prison hospital in 1876 and served three years in a French one. From 1886 he lived in England, and from 1894 to 1907 in this house on Crescent Road, the longest he stayed anywhere. Here he wrote Memoirs of a Revolutionist and Mutual Aid, the argument, against the social Darwinists, that cooperation and not competition is what lets species and societies survive. Bromley knew him as a kindly old man with a beard who was polite to everyone.\n\nHe went home in 1917 to a revolution he thought had gone wrong, and his funeral in 1921 was the last anarchist demonstration Moscow allowed. The plaque went up in 1989.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/peter-kropotkin.jpg?v=ef0b9a0f","thumb":"/img/peter-kropotkin-480.jpg?v=70442d37","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Peter Kropotkin's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_PETER_KROPOTKIN_-_6_Crescent_Road_Sundridge_Park_BR1_3PW.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/peter-kropotkin-2.jpg?v=1ddae8a8","thumb":"/img/peter-kropotkin-2-480.jpg?v=3cb60ea8","width":960,"height":1284,"alt":"Portrait of Peter Kropotkin","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kropotkin1.jpg","thumb_width":359}],"from":null,"country":"ru","country_name":"Russia","also":null,"years":"1894\u20131907","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Peter Kropotkin, 6 Crescent Road, Bromley, BR1 3PW, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Beckenham Place Park","s":"beckenham-place-park","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":2106},{"n":"Eltham Palace","s":"eltham-palace","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":4526},{"n":"Bethlem Museum of the Mind","s":"bethlem-museum-of-the-mind","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":4638}],"near_same":[{"s":"dadabhai-naoroji","m":5641},{"s":"ira-aldridge","m":6125},{"s":"camille-pissarro","m":6602},{"s":"emile-zola","m":6852},{"s":"peter-the-great","m":8297},{"s":"harold-moody","m":8313}]},{"slug":"peter-the-great","name":"Peter the Great","area":"Albury Court","address":"Glaisher Street, Deptford, SE8 3JW","station":"Cutty Sark for Maritime Greenwich","walk":8,"lat":51.483371,"lng":-0.019083,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/472373267","types":["c-ru","europe","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The riverside statue to the Tsar who came to Deptford to learn shipbuilding, and wrecked the house he stayed in.","note":"In 1698 the Tsar of Russia, 25 years old and six foot eight, arrived in England incognito as part of a Grand Embassy to learn how the West built ships. He lodged at Sayes Court, the diarist John Evelyn's house at Deptford, next to the royal dockyard, worked in the yard with an adze, drank with sailors and, in three months, destroyed the house: Evelyn's steward reported the floors ruined, the paintings used for target practice and the famous holly hedge flattened by wheelbarrow races. Christopher Wren surveyed the damage and the Treasury paid.\n\nHe went home to build a navy and St Petersburg. The statue on the Thames Path, by Mihail Chemiakin, was Russia's gift in 2001; the Sayes Court park, with a mulberry said to be his, is behind it.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/peter-the-great.jpg?v=f1a0130e","thumb":"/img/peter-the-great-480.jpg?v=e4059c9c","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The statue of Peter the Great on the Thames at Deptford","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Marathon, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Statue_of_Peter_the_Great_in_Deptford_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2435226.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/peter-the-great-2.jpg?v=ec9ec945","thumb":"/img/peter-the-great-2-480.jpg?v=82c750fb","width":775,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Peter the Great","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Attributed to Jean-Marc Nattier, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inconnu_d%27apr%C3%A8s_J.-M._Nattier,_Portrait_de_Pierre_Ier_(mus%C3%A9e_de_l%E2%80%99Ermitage).jpg","thumb_width":363}],"from":null,"country":"ru","country_name":"Russia","also":null,"years":"1698","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Peter the Great, Glaisher Street, Deptford, SE8 3JW, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Trinity Laban","s":"trinity-laban","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":348},{"n":"Up the Creek","s":"up-the-creek","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":566},{"n":"Villages Brewery Taproom","s":"villages-brewery-taproom","c":"beer","cn":"Beer","m":653}],"near_same":[{"s":"harold-moody","m":2707},{"s":"gandhi-at-kingsley-hall","m":5314},{"s":"c-l-r-james","m":6710},{"s":"vincent-van-gogh","m":6731},{"s":"giuseppe-mazzini","m":7243},{"s":"marx-memorial-library","m":7472}]},{"slug":"piet-mondrian","name":"Piet Mondrian","area":"Maitland Park","address":"60 Parkhill Road, NW3 2YT","station":"Belsize Park","walk":5,"lat":51.550916,"lng":-0.158654,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/99369317","types":["c-nl","europe","exile","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Hampstead studio where Mondrian spent two years between Paris and New York.","note":"Mondrian left Paris in September 1938, certain that war was coming, and Ben Nicholson found him a room here on Parkhill Road, in the colony of artists around the Mall Studios: Nicholson himself, Barbara Hepworth, Henry Moore, Naum Gabo. He painted the walls white and the furniture red, yellow and blue, and worked slowly at canvases he would finish in America. When a bomb fell across the road in September 1940 he left for New York, where the grid loosened into Broadway Boogie Woogie.\n\nHe died there in 1944. The plaque, unveiled in 1975, is on a house that looks like the rest of the street, which is how he liked it.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/piet-mondrian.jpg?v=73731d94","thumb":"/img/piet-mondrian-480.jpg?v=20961a0f","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Piet Mondrian's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by 60_Parkhill_Road,_NW3_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1039622.jpg : Mike Quinn derivative work: An-d, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:60_Parkhill_Road,_NW3_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1039622-1.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/piet-mondrian-2.jpg?v=0c3ead2e","thumb":"/img/piet-mondrian-2-480.jpg?v=3feac783","width":766,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Piet Mondrian","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Anonymous Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Piet_Mondriaan.jpg","thumb_width":359}],"from":null,"country":"nl","country_name":"Netherlands","also":null,"years":"1938\u20131940","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Piet Mondrian, 60 Parkhill Road, NW3 2YT, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Redemption Roasters","s":"redemption-roasters","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":752},{"n":"Badiani Hampstead Heath","s":"badiani-hampstead-heath","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":759},{"n":"Parliament Hill Lido","s":"parliament-hill-lido","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":800}],"near_same":[{"s":"chiang-yee","m":61},{"s":"isokon-building","m":260},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":914},{"s":"elias-canetti","m":1055},{"s":"sylvia-plath","m":1141},{"s":"jose-rizal","m":1145}]},{"slug":"prince-metternich","name":"Prince Metternich","area":"Belgravia","address":"44 Eaton Square, SW1W 9BD","station":"Sloane Square","walk":6,"lat":51.495277,"lng":-0.151393,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/867766299","types":["c-at","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Belgravia refuge of the man who had run Europe for thirty years, until Europe had had enough.","note":"Metternich arranged the Congress of Vienna, invented the Concert of Europe and ran the Austrian Empire as its chancellor from 1821, suppressing every liberal and national stirring on the continent for a generation. In March 1848, when Vienna rose, the seventy-four-year-old climbed into a laundry cart and left. He lived here on Eaton Square for a year, receiving Wellington and the young Disraeli, who came to learn how a reactionary thought.\n\nHe went home in 1851 to advise from the sidelines and died in 1859. The plaque, put up in 1970, is one of a set on this square: the exiled and the eminent have always lived here.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/prince-metternich.jpg?v=f4efe17e","thumb":"/img/prince-metternich-480.jpg?v=705da282","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Prince Metternich's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PRINCE_METTERNICH_-_44_Eaton_Square,_Belgravia,_SW1W_9BD.JPG","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/prince-metternich-2.jpg?v=15c6a3d9","thumb":"/img/prince-metternich-2-480.jpg?v=684d9b7e","width":804,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Prince Metternich","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Thomas Lawrence, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Klemens_von_Metternich_by_Lawrence.jpg","thumb_width":377}],"from":null,"country":"at","country_name":"Austria","also":null,"years":"1848\u20131849","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Prince Metternich, 44 Eaton Square, SW1W 9BD, London","in_area":{"slug":"belgravia","name":"Belgravia"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Poil\u00e2ne","s":"poilane","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":168},{"n":"Peggy Porschen","s":"peggy-porschen","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":228},{"n":"Elizabeth Street","s":"elizabeth-street","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":265}],"near_same":[{"s":"felix-mendelssohn","m":332},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":435},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":668},{"s":"joseph-conrad","m":711},{"s":"jomo-kenyatta","m":830},{"s":"swami-vivekananda","m":937}]},{"slug":"rabindranath-tagore","name":"Rabindranath Tagore","area":"Vale of Health","address":"3 Villas on the Heath, Vale of Health, NW3 1AW","station":"Hampstead","walk":9,"lat":51.562665,"lng":-0.17662,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7976402239","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Hampstead cottage where Tagore's poems were read aloud to Yeats, a year before the Nobel Prize.","note":"Tagore came to England in June 1912 with a notebook of his own English versions of Gitanjali, and stayed in this villa on the Vale of Health, the hamlet in the middle of the Heath. The painter William Rothenstein read them, was overwhelmed, and gathered Yeats, Ezra Pound and others in his house to hear them; Yeats wrote the introduction to the book that autumn. In 1913 Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, the first given to anyone outside Europe.\n\nHe was knighted in 1915 and gave it back after the Amritsar massacre of 1919. India and Bangladesh both sing his words as their anthems. The plaque went up in 1961.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/rabindranath-tagore.jpg?v=a7935478","thumb":"/img/rabindranath-tagore-480.jpg?v=d6d33250","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Rabindranath Tagore's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rabindranath_Tagore_-_3_Villas_on_the_Heath_Vale_of_Heath_Hampstead_NW3.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/rabindranath-tagore-2.jpg?v=a0673949","thumb":"/img/rabindranath-tagore-2-480.jpg?v=ddca48e3","width":731,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Rabindranath Tagore","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Generalstabens litografiska anstalt, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg","thumb_width":342}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1912","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Rabindranath Tagore, 3 Villas on the Heath, Vale of Health, NW3 1AW, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Hampstead Observatory","s":"hampstead-observatory","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":331},{"n":"Fenton House","s":"fenton-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":470},{"n":"Burgh House & Hampstead Museum","s":"burgh-house-hampstead-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":507}],"near_same":[{"s":"katherine-mansfield","m":240},{"s":"paul-robeson","m":498},{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":700},{"s":"nikolaus-pevsner","m":756},{"s":"anna-pavlova","m":891},{"s":"elias-canetti","m":1013}]},{"slug":"ram-mohan-roy","name":"Raja Ram Mohan Roy","area":"Bloomsbury","address":"49 Bedford Square, WC1B 3DP","station":"Tottenham Court Road","walk":4,"lat":51.51858,"lng":-0.129235,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/423506758","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Bloomsbury lodging of the reformer who came as the Mughal emperor's envoy and never went home.","note":"Ram Mohan Roy was the first modern Indian: a Bengali scholar of Sanskrit, Persian and English who founded the Brahmo Samaj to purify Hinduism, campaigned against sati until the British abolished it in 1829, started newspapers and argued for education in English. In 1831 he came to England as ambassador of the Mughal emperor, the first Indian of standing to do so, lived in this house on Bedford Square, gave evidence to Parliament on India and was received everywhere. He died at Bristol in 1833 and is buried there, under a tomb in the Bengali style.\n\nKolkata calls him the father of the Bengal Renaissance. The plaque was put up in 2011.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/ram-mohan-roy.jpg?v=47fa06ee","thumb":"/img/ram-mohan-roy-480.jpg?v=254924f6","width":1024,"height":947,"alt":"The plaque to Raja Ram Mohan Roy","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Original uploader was Oosoom at en.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blue_plaque_Ram_Mohan_Roy.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/ram-mohan-roy-2.jpg?v=b94eabd0","thumb":"/img/ram-mohan-roy-2-480.jpg?v=d876a637","width":987,"height":1201,"alt":"Portrait of Raja Ram Mohan Roy","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Rembrandt Peale, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Raja_Ram_Mohun_Roy,_1833.jpg","thumb_width":394}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1831","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Raja Ram Mohan Roy, 49 Bedford Square, WC1B 3DP, London","in_area":{"slug":"bloomsbury","name":"Bloomsbury"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Maggs Bros.","s":"maggs-bros","c":"classic-british-shops","cn":"Classic British Shops","m":11},{"n":"L. 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His last was a fundraiser. The first Bayreuth Festival in 1876 had lost a fortune, and in May 1877 he came to London for eight concerts at the Royal Albert Hall, staying with the pianist Edward Dannreuther, founder of the London Wagner Society, in this house on Orme Square. Queen Victoria received him at Windsor; the concerts lost money too.\n\nThe plaque is Dannreuther's, and names his guest. It went up in 1980.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/richard-wagner.jpg?v=adeb4200","thumb":"/img/richard-wagner-480.jpg?v=7ad11c71","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Richard Wagner's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Dannreuther_12_Orme_Square_London_W2_4RS.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/richard-wagner-2.jpg?v=25eb0e2f","thumb":"/img/richard-wagner-2-480.jpg?v=cdb8a8a6","width":739,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Richard Wagner","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Franz Hanfstaengl, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RichardWagner.jpg","thumb_width":346}],"from":null,"country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":null,"years":"1877","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Richard Wagner, 12 Orme Square, W2 4RS, London","in_area":{"slug":"bayswater-paddington","name":"Bayswater & Paddington"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Guillam Bayswater","s":"guillam-bayswater","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":181},{"n":"Diana Memorial Playground","s":"diana-memorial-playground","c":"royal","cn":"Royal London","m":225},{"n":"Guillam Notting Hill","s":"guillam-notting-hill","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":318}],"near_same":[{"s":"guglielmo-marconi","m":711},{"s":"lajos-kossuth","m":796},{"s":"alexander-herzen","m":920},{"s":"ezra-pound","m":942},{"s":"t-s-eliot","m":1189},{"s":"henry-james","m":1226}]},{"slug":"rimbaud-and-verlaine","name":"Rimbaud and Verlaine","area":"Somers Town","address":"8 Royal College Street, NW1 0TH","station":"Mornington Crescent","walk":6,"lat":51.53776,"lng":-0.1343,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":null,"types":["c-fr","europe","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Camden house where two French poets lived together for two months, before the shooting.","note":"Rimbaud was eighteen and Verlaine twenty-eight when they came to London in September 1872, having abandoned Verlaine's wife and child in Paris, and they lived on Verlaine's mother's money, his French lessons and the reading room of the British Museum. In May 1873 they moved into rooms here, then 8 Great College Street, and quarrelled until July, when Verlaine walked out, went to Brussels and shot Rimbaud in the wrist, for which he served two years.\n\nRimbaud's Illuminations, with their London poems of the docks, the crowds and the Metropolitan Railway, were written around this time; he stopped writing at twenty-one. The house, with its plaque, was saved from demolition in the 1990s.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/rimbaud-and-verlaine.jpg?v=20770fb6","thumb":"/img/rimbaud-and-verlaine-480.jpg?v=e013b548","width":480,"height":640,"alt":"Rimbaud and Verlaine's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Stephen McKay, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:8_Royal_College_Street,_Camden_Town_-_geograph.org.uk_-_430128.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/rimbaud-and-verlaine-2.jpg?v=a13109aa","thumb":"/img/rimbaud-and-verlaine-2-480.jpg?v=a8dc5504","width":778,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Rimbaud and Verlaine","caption":"","credit":"Photo by \u00c9tienne Carjat, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rimbaud.PNG","thumb_width":364}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1873","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Rimbaud and Verlaine, 8 Royal College Street, NW1 0TH, London","in_area":{"slug":"camden","name":"Camden"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Rimbaud and Verlaine, Royal College Street","s":"rimbaud-and-verlaine-royal-college-street","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":189},{"n":"St Pancras Old Church","s":"st-pancras-old-church","c":"sacred","cn":"Sacred London","m":424},{"n":"KOKO","s":"koko","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":429}],"near_same":[{"s":"ruth-first-and-joe-slovo","m":425},{"s":"george-padmore","m":506},{"s":"choshu-five","m":1450},{"s":"sylvia-plath","m":1519},{"s":"jose-rizal","m":1551},{"s":"francisco-de-miranda","m":1606}]},{"slug":"rudolf-nureyev","name":"Rudolf Nureyev","area":"South Kensington","address":"27 Victoria Road, W8 5RF","station":"High Street Kensington","walk":6,"lat":51.499809,"lng":-0.185751,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8022322293","types":["c-ru","europe","exile","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Kensington house of the dancer who jumped the barrier at Le Bourget and made London his home.","note":"Nureyev defected from the Soviet Union at Paris airport in June 1961, at 23, with the KGB minders a few yards behind him, and within a year was dancing with Margot Fonteyn at Covent Garden in a partnership that filled the house for fifteen years. He lived in this house on Victoria Road, which he bought in the 1960s and kept, among homes in Paris, New York and an island off Positano, as his London one. He directed the Paris Opera Ballet in the 1980s and died in Paris in 1993.\n\nThe plaque, from 2023, calls him a ballet dancer, which undersells it. Russia was his country, the Soviet Union the state he left, and the flag is the former.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/rudolf-nureyev.jpg?v=61af9076","thumb":"/img/rudolf-nureyev-480.jpg?v=033424cd","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Rudolf Nureyev's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RUDOLF_NUREYEV_-_27_Victoria_Road_Kensington_London_W8_5RF.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/rudolf-nureyev-2.jpg?v=ebf86fb3","thumb":"/img/rudolf-nureyev-2-480.jpg?v=b2e3a945","width":834,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Rudolf Nureyev","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Allan Warren, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nureyev_9_Allan_Warren.jpg","thumb_width":391}],"from":null,"country":"ru","country_name":"Russia","also":null,"years":null,"plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Rudolf Nureyev, 27 Victoria Road, W8 5RF, London","in_area":{"slug":"kensington","name":"Kensington"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Guillam Gloucester Road","s":"guillam-gloucester-road","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":159},{"n":"Victoria Road","s":"victoria-road","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":159},{"n":"Kynance Mews","s":"kynance-mews","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":265}],"near_same":[{"s":"henry-james","m":57},{"s":"t-s-eliot","m":146},{"s":"ezra-pound","m":578},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":807},{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":978},{"s":"jenny-lind","m":1050}]},{"slug":"ruth-first-and-joe-slovo","name":"Ruth First and Joe Slovo","area":"Chalk Farm","address":"13 Lyme Street, NW1 0EH","station":"Camden Road","walk":2,"lat":51.540509,"lng":-0.138573,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/1029627747","types":["africa","c-za","campaigner","exile"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Camden home of two South African communists in exile, one of whom was murdered by a parcel bomb.","note":"First was a journalist who exposed the labour conditions of apartheid and was held for 117 days without trial in 1963, the title of the book she wrote about it; Slovo was a barrister, a leader of the Communist Party and later chief of staff of the ANC's armed wing. They lived in this house on Lyme Street from 1966 to 1978 with their three daughters, and it was a centre of the exile world. In 1982, in Maputo, Ruth First opened a parcel sent by the South African security police and was killed.\n\nSlovo negotiated the settlement of 1993 and was Mandela's housing minister until his death in 1995. The plaque went up in 2003.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/ruth-first-and-joe-slovo.jpg?v=b245efd1","thumb":"/img/ruth-first-and-joe-slovo-480.jpg?v=55c7b055","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"The plaque to Ruth First and Joe Slovo","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ruth_First_%2B_Joe_Slovo_Blue_Plaque.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/ruth-first-and-joe-slovo-2.jpg?v=9486611d","thumb":"/img/ruth-first-and-joe-slovo-2.jpg?v=9486611d","width":214,"height":266,"alt":"Portrait of Ruth First and Joe Slovo","caption":"","credit":"Photo by passport photograph, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RuthFirst.jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"za","country_name":"South Africa","also":null,"years":"1966\u20131978","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Ruth First and Joe Slovo, 13 Lyme Street, NW1 0EH, London","in_area":{"slug":"camden","name":"Camden"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Old Post Office Bakery","s":"old-post-office-bakery-chalk-farm","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":138},{"n":"Electric Ballroom","s":"electric-ballroom","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":317},{"n":"Camden High Street","s":"camden-high-street","c":"shopping","cn":"Shopping","m":340}],"near_same":[{"s":"rimbaud-and-verlaine","m":425},{"s":"george-padmore","m":855},{"s":"sylvia-plath","m":1186},{"s":"jose-rizal","m":1221},{"s":"friedrich-engels","m":1300},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":1318}]},{"slug":"freud-museum","name":"Sigmund and Anna Freud","area":"Hampstead","address":"20 Maresfield Gardens, NW3 5SX","station":"Finchley Road","walk":3,"lat":51.548311,"lng":-0.177393,"hours":[null,null,[10.5,17.0],[10.5,17.0],[10.5,17.0],[10.5,17.0],[10.5,17.0]],"hours_raw":"We-Su 10:30-17:00","hours_source":"web","hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":"https://freud.org.uk","instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/103107384","types":["c-at","europe","exile","inside","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where Freud spent his last year and Anna Freud her next forty, the couch still in the study.","note":"The Nazis marched into Vienna in March 1938 and Freud, 82 and dying of cancer, was allowed to leave in June once a ransom was paid and his sister-in-law's fortune signed away. He settled here in September, with his books, his antiquities and the couch, and worked on Moses and Monotheism until the pain became unbearable. He died in this house in September 1939, three weeks into the war, from a dose of morphine his doctor had agreed to give him.\n\nAnna Freud lived on here until 1982, and from it made London the capital of child psychoanalysis. The house opened as a museum in 1986, the study exactly as he left it.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/freud-museum.jpg?v=07f6ad5e","thumb":"/img/freud-museum-480.jpg?v=b456a61a","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Sigmund Freud Museum London (view from the street)","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Rup11, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Freud_Museum_London_2.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":null,"from":"museums/freud-museum","country":"at","country_name":"Austria","also":null,"years":"1938\u20131939","plaque":"English Heritage","whats_on":[{"slug":"40-objects-40-years","name":"40 Objects, 40 Years","href":"/museums/freud-museum/40-objects-40-years/","verdict":"Freud's antiquities out of his study, and things from storage never shown, for the museum's fortieth year.","runs":{"from":"2026-08-19","to":"2027-02-14"},"types":["exhibition","history"],"clue":["Exhibition","History"]}],"also_in":[{"name":"Museums","href":"/museums/freud-museum/"}],"maps_q":"Sigmund and Anna Freud, 20 Maresfield Gardens, NW3 5SX, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Camden Arts Centre","s":"camden-arts-centre","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":528},{"n":"Hampstead Theatre","s":"hampstead-theatre","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":562},{"n":"Ginger & White","s":"ginger-white","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":807}],"near_same":[{"s":"elias-canetti","m":676},{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":1040},{"s":"isokon-building","m":1135},{"s":"melanie-klein","m":1237},{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":1327},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":1342}]},{"slug":"simon-bolivar","name":"Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar","area":"Marylebone","address":"4 Duke Street, W1U 3EL","station":"Bond Street","walk":4,"lat":51.516087,"lng":-0.152451,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/6309927761","types":["c-ve","latin-america","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Liberator's London lodging: a Marylebone house where a 27-year-old came for guns and left with a mentor.","note":"Bol\u00edvar arrived in July 1810 as an envoy of the Caracas junta, which had just deposed the Spanish governor, sent to ask Britain for money and ships. He lodged at Morin's Hotel, in this house, with Andr\u00e9s Bello and Luis L\u00f3pez M\u00e9ndez. The Foreign Office gave him polite nothing, but London gave him Francisco de Miranda, the veteran revolutionary who had spent thirty years plotting Spanish America's independence from a house in Fitzrovia, and the two sailed home together in December.\n\nWhat followed is the history of half a continent. Over the next fifteen years Bol\u00edvar led the wars that freed Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and the country that took his name, and died in 1830 at 47, disillusioned and consumptive, on his way into exile. The plaque went up in 1975; his statue stands in Belgrave Square, and the flag on this pin is Venezuela's only because he was born in Caracas.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/simon-bolivar.jpg?v=5c783f37","thumb":"/img/simon-bolivar-480.jpg?v=b32db490","width":1024,"height":975,"alt":"The plaque to Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Man vyi, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Simon_Bolivar_plaque_London.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/simon-bolivar-2.jpg?v=e897e1be","thumb":"/img/simon-bolivar-2-480.jpg?v=058f07f6","width":710,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Ricardo Acevedo Bernal, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar_by_Acevedo_Bernal,_1922.jpg","thumb_width":333}],"from":null,"country":"ve","country_name":"Venezuela","also":["Colombia","Ecuador","Bolivia","Peru","Panama"],"years":"1810","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar, 4 Duke Street, W1U 3EL, London","in_area":{"slug":"marylebone","name":"Marylebone"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Arome Bakery","s":"arome-bakery-marylebone","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":91},{"n":"Selfridges","s":"selfridges","c":"shopping","cn":"Shopping","m":157},{"n":"Selfridges Food Hall","s":"selfridges-food-hall","c":"food-markets","cn":"Food Markets","m":157}],"near_same":[{"s":"hector-berlioz","m":299},{"s":"john-adams","m":416},{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":564},{"s":"handel-hendrix-house","m":573},{"s":"alexander-korda","m":601},{"s":"talleyrand","m":632}]},{"slug":"syed-ahmad-khan","name":"Sir Syed Ahmad Khan","area":"King's Cross","address":"21 Mecklenburgh Square, WC1N 2AD","station":"Russell Square","walk":7,"lat":51.525297,"lng":-0.117606,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/804668338","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where the founder of Aligarh came to study English universities so he could build one for Indian Muslims.","note":"Sir Syed was a judge in the East India Company's service who survived 1857 and drew from it the conclusion that Indian Muslims would go under unless they took modern education. He came to England in 1869 to see how it was done, lived in this house on Mecklenburgh Square for a year with his sons, visited Oxford and Cambridge and wrote a reply to a British scholar's life of Muhammad. In 1875 he founded the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh, which became Aligarh Muslim University and educated the leadership of Muslim India for a century.\n\nPakistan counts him as a founding thinker; India as a reformer. The plaque was put up in 2021.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/syed-ahmad-khan.jpg?v=9b8b3077","thumb":"/img/syed-ahmad-khan-480.jpg?v=ebedbe70","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Sir Syed Ahmad Khan's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SIR_SYED_AHMED_KHAN_1817-1898_Muslim_Reformer_and_Scholar_lived_here_1869-1870.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/syed-ahmad-khan-2.jpg?v=27d6ab89","thumb":"/img/syed-ahmad-khan-2.jpg?v=27d6ab89","width":362,"height":450,"alt":"Portrait of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan","caption":"","credit":"Photo by The original uploader was Rama's Arrow at English Wikipedia . 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When the Natives Land Act of 1913 confined Black South Africans to seven per cent of the country, he came to London with a deputation to ask the British government to intervene, and it did not. He stayed on, lodging here on Carnarvon Road in 1914, and wrote Native Life in South Africa, which opens with the sentence that the South African native found himself a pariah in the land of his birth.\n\nHe also wrote Mhudi, the first novel in English by a Black South African, and translated Shakespeare into Setswana. The plaque, from the Greater London Council, went up in 1986.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/sol-plaatje.jpg?v=4ef17e37","thumb":"/img/sol-plaatje-480.jpg?v=045874d6","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Sol Plaatje's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Plaatje_-_25_Carnarvon_Road,_Waltham_Forest,_E10.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/sol-plaatje-2.jpg?v=bfa8a051","thumb":"/img/sol-plaatje-2.jpg?v=bfa8a051","width":204,"height":228,"alt":"Portrait of Sol Plaatje","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Anonymous Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sol_Plaatje_002.jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"za","country_name":"South Africa","also":null,"years":"1914","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Sol Plaatje, 25 Carnarvon Road, E10 6DW, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"God's Own Junkyard","s":"gods-own-junkyard","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":657},{"n":"The Good Egg Walthamstow","s":"the-good-egg-walthamstow","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":731},{"n":"Gnarly Vines","s":"gnarly-vines","c":"wine","cn":"Wine","m":764}],"near_same":[{"s":"gandhi-at-kingsley-hall","m":5821},{"s":"v-k-krishna-menon","m":9298},{"s":"marx-memorial-library","m":9337},{"s":"lenin-in-percy-circus","m":9394},{"s":"india-house-highgate","m":9507},{"s":"oliver-tambo","m":9726}]},{"slug":"sri-aurobindo","name":"Sri Aurobindo","area":"Shepherd's Bush","address":"49 St Stephen's Avenue, W12 8JD","station":"Goldhawk Road","walk":5,"lat":51.503942,"lng":-0.231664,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7994896648","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","student","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Shepherd's Bush house where a future Indian nationalist and yogi grew up as an English schoolboy.","note":"Aurobindo Ghose was sent to England at seven by a father who wanted him to have nothing Indian about him, and lived from 1884 to 1887 in this house on St Stephen's Avenue with a clergyman's family, walking to St Paul's School. He won a scholarship to King's College, Cambridge, passed the Indian Civil Service examination and deliberately failed the riding test to avoid serving it. He went home in 1893, became one of the fiercest voices for independence, was tried for terrorism in 1908 and acquitted, and in 1910 withdrew to Pondicherry, where he spent forty years on yoga and philosophy.\n\nThe ashram he founded is still there. The plaque went up in 2007.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/sri-aurobindo.jpg?v=447f20fd","thumb":"/img/sri-aurobindo-480.jpg?v=621ecc52","width":467,"height":1024,"alt":"Sri Aurobindo's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Chiswick Chap, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sri_Aurobindo%27s_Home_St_Stephen%27s_Avenue_London_1884-1887.JPG","thumb_width":219},"figures":[{"src":"/img/sri-aurobindo-2.jpg?v=e690e7d4","thumb":"/img/sri-aurobindo-2-480.jpg?v=294bfe56","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Sri Aurobindo","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Rudolf 1922, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sri_aurobindo.jpg","thumb_width":360}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1884\u20131887","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Sri Aurobindo, 49 St Stephen's Avenue, W12 8JD, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Bush Hall","s":"bush-hall","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":290},{"n":"Bush Theatre","s":"bush-theatre","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":412},{"n":"O2 Shepherd's Bush Empire","s":"o2-shepherds-bush-empire","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":501}],"near_same":[{"s":"lao-she","m":1395},{"s":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","m":1607},{"s":"chaim-weizmann","m":1656},{"s":"jawaharlal-nehru","m":1963},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":2105},{"s":"marcus-garvey","m":2152}]},{"slug":"stefan-zweig","name":"Stefan Zweig","area":"East Marylebone","address":"49 Hallam Street, W1W 6JJ","station":"Great Portland Street","walk":5,"lat":51.520554,"lng":-0.143924,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/660872267","types":["c-at","europe","exile","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Marylebone flat of the most translated writer in the world, who had just lost his country.","note":"Zweig was the best-selling author in Europe in the 1920s, an Austrian Jew whose novellas and biographies were read in every language, and after 1933 the Nazis burned his books. He left Salzburg in 1934, and from 1936 to 1939 lived in flat 71 of this building, where he wrote Beware of Pity, his only finished novel, and married his secretary Lotte Altmann. He became a British subject in 1940, moved to Bath, then fled again, to New York and Brazil, where in 1942 he and Lotte took their own lives, leaving a note that despaired of Europe.\n\nThe plaque, unveiled in 2026, is one of English Heritage's newest.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/stefan-zweig.jpg?v=f3f2e33f","thumb":"/img/stefan-zweig-480.jpg?v=c11bba96","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Stefan Zweig's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:STEFAN_ZWEIG_(1881%E2%80%931942)_Austrian_Writer_lived_in_flat_71_1936%E2%80%931939.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/stefan-zweig-2.jpg?v=f9e9d04f","thumb":"/img/stefan-zweig-2-480.jpg?v=adbdc0c8","width":679,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Stefan Zweig","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Franz Xaver Setzer (1886-1939), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zweig_Setzer_1927.jpg","thumb_width":318}],"from":null,"country":"at","country_name":"Austria","also":null,"years":"1936\u20131939","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Stefan Zweig, 49 Hallam Street, W1W 6JJ, London","in_area":{"slug":"marylebone","name":"Marylebone"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Anaesthesia Heritage Centre","s":"anaesthesia-heritage-centre","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":147},{"n":"Broadcasting House","s":"broadcasting-house","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":200},{"n":"George Orwell statue, Broadcasting House","s":"george-orwell-statue-broadcasting-house","c":"literary","cn":"Literary London","m":208}],"near_same":[{"s":"carl-maria-von-weber","m":148},{"s":"olaudah-equiano","m":368},{"s":"hector-berlioz","m":471},{"s":"francisco-de-miranda","m":525},{"s":"simon-bolivar","m":771},{"s":"talleyrand","m":778}]},{"slug":"sun-yat-sen","name":"Sun Yat-sen","area":"Holborn","address":"4 Gray's Inn Place, WC1R 5JT","station":"Chancery Lane","walk":2,"lat":51.518943,"lng":-0.114224,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/4212305131","types":["asia-pacific","c-cn","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where the father of the Chinese republic lodged in exile, before his own legation kidnapped him.","note":"Sun had led a failed rising in Canton in 1895 and arrived in London in 1896 with a price on his head, lodging on Gray's Inn Place near his old teacher from Hong Kong, Dr James Cantlie. In October he was lured into the Chinese Legation on Portland Place and locked in an upstairs room to await a ship home and execution. A note smuggled out by an English servant reached Cantlie, who went to Scotland Yard, the Foreign Office and finally the Globe newspaper, and after twelve days the Legation let him go. Kidnapped in London, published in 1897, made him famous.\n\nHe spent the winter in the British Museum reading room forming the ideas that became the Three Principles of the People, and in 1912 was the first president of the Republic of China. Both Chinas revere him.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/sun-yat-sen.jpg?v=df2449c3","thumb":"/img/sun-yat-sen-480.jpg?v=75d92dc3","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The plaque to Sun Yat-sen","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Paul The Archivist, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Holborn_(Gray%27s_Inn)_Gray%27s_Inn_Place_Sun_Yat-Sen_plaque_(26699501903).jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/sun-yat-sen-2.jpg?v=44117474","thumb":"/img/sun-yat-sen-2-480.jpg?v=c8959317","width":780,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Sun Yat-sen","caption":"","credit":"Photo by \u4e0a\u6d77\u6ce2\u5c14\u7167\u76f8\u9986, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E5%AD%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E8%82%96%E5%83%8F.jpg","thumb_width":365}],"from":null,"country":"cn","country_name":"China","also":null,"years":"1896\u20131897","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Sun Yat-sen, 4 Gray's Inn Place, WC1R 5JT, London","in_area":{"slug":"bloomsbury","name":"Bloomsbury"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Gray's Inn","s":"grays-inn","c":"politics","cn":"Power & Politics","m":140},{"n":"Konditor","s":"konditor-grays-inn-road","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":179},{"n":"Novelty Automation","s":"novelty-automation","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":203}],"near_same":[{"s":"giuseppe-mazzini","m":467},{"s":"marx-memorial-library","m":740},{"s":"syed-ahmad-khan","m":744},{"s":"ram-mohan-roy","m":1039},{"s":"claude-monet","m":1065},{"s":"voltaire","m":1097}]},{"slug":"swami-vivekananda","name":"Swami Vivekananda","area":"Pimlico","address":"63 St George's Drive, SW1V 4DD","station":"Pimlico","walk":5,"lat":51.489556,"lng":-0.141437,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5200990602","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","thinker"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Pimlico house where the monk who took Hinduism to the West held his London classes.","note":"Vivekananda, a Bengali disciple of the mystic Ramakrishna, became famous in a single speech at the Parliament of Religions in Chicago in 1893, which he opened with the words Sisters and Brothers of America. He came to London twice, and in 1896 lived here on St George's Drive, giving classes on Vedanta in the front room to audiences that included Max M\u00fcller and the woman who became Sister Nivedita. He founded the Ramakrishna Mission on his return and died in 1902, aged 39.\n\nHis birthday is India's National Youth Day. The plaque went up in 2009.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/swami-vivekananda.jpg?v=cd196d9a","thumb":"/img/swami-vivekananda-480.jpg?v=b8a00794","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Swami Vivekananda's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SWAMI_VIVEKANANDA_63_St_George%27s_Drive_Pimlico_London_SW1V_4DD.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/swami-vivekananda-2.jpg?v=9bee8a96","thumb":"/img/swami-vivekananda-2-480.jpg?v=de273723","width":746,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Swami Vivekananda","caption":"","credit":"Photo by The original uploader was Dziewa at English Wikipedia ., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Swami_Vivekananda-1893-09-signed.jpg","thumb_width":350}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":"1896","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Swami Vivekananda, 63 St George's Drive, SW1V 4DD, London","in_area":{"slug":"pimlico","name":"Pimlico"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Georgian House Hotel: the Wizard Chambers","s":"georgian-house-hotel-the-wizard-chambers","c":"harry-potter","cn":"Harry Potter","m":202},{"n":"CASK Pub and Kitchen","s":"cask-pub-and-kitchen","c":"beer","cn":"Beer","m":332},{"n":"Elizabeth Street","s":"elizabeth-street","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":698}],"near_same":[{"s":"jomo-kenyatta","m":118},{"s":"joseph-conrad","m":479},{"s":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","m":792},{"s":"prince-metternich","m":937},{"s":"felix-mendelssohn","m":1029},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":1255}]},{"slug":"sylvia-plath","name":"Sylvia Plath","area":"Primrose Hill","address":"3 Chalcot Square, NW1 8YB","station":"Chalk Farm","walk":5,"lat":51.540813,"lng":-0.155719,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7973584700","types":["c-us","north-america","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Primrose Hill flat where Plath published her first book and began her only novel.","note":"Plath and Ted Hughes took a small flat on the third floor of this house in February 1960, weeks before their daughter Frieda was born in it. The Colossus, her first collection, came out that October; The Bell Jar was begun here; and the marriage that would end everything was, for the moment, working. They left for Devon in 1961.\n\nShe came back to London alone in December 1962, to Yeats's old house a few streets away at 23 Fitzroy Road, and died there in February 1963. English Heritage chose this address for the plaque in 2000 because it was where the good years were.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/sylvia-plath.jpg?v=ac006727","thumb":"/img/sylvia-plath-480.jpg?v=e1856c73","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Sylvia Plath's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sylvia_Plath_-_3_Chalcot_Square_Primrose_Hill_London_NW1_8YB.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/sylvia-plath-2.jpg?v=8e79d05c","thumb":"/img/sylvia-plath-2.jpg?v=8e79d05c","width":288,"height":386,"alt":"Portrait of Sylvia Plath","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Giovanni Giovannetti/Grazia Neri, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sylvia_Plath.jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1960\u20131961","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Sylvia Plath, 3 Chalcot Square, NW1 8YB, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Sam's Cafe","s":"sams-cafe","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":121},{"n":"Roundhouse","s":"roundhouse","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":374},{"n":"Primrose Hill","s":"primrose-hill","c":"outdoors","cn":"Outdoors & Nature","m":425}],"near_same":[{"s":"jose-rizal","m":36},{"s":"friedrich-engels","m":120},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":240},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":1082},{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":1141},{"s":"ruth-first-and-joe-slovo","m":1186}]},{"slug":"t-s-eliot","name":"T. S. Eliot","area":"South Kensington","address":"3 Kensington Court Gardens, W8 5QE","station":"High Street Kensington","walk":4,"lat":51.500107,"lng":-0.187817,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7612778175","types":["c-us","north-america","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The last home of the American who became the century's English poet.","note":"Eliot arrived from St Louis by way of Harvard and Oxford in 1914, worked eight years at Lloyds Bank in the City, wrote The Waste Land in 1922 and joined Faber, where he published nearly everyone who mattered for forty years. He took British citizenship in 1927 and the Nobel Prize in 1948. In January 1957, at 68, he married his secretary Valerie Fletcher, and they lived here, in a ground-floor flat behind Kensington High Street, in what he called the only happy years of his life.\n\nHe died here in January 1965. His ashes are at East Coker in Somerset, the village his family had left for America three centuries before, under the line from the poem: in my end is my beginning.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/t-s-eliot.jpg?v=116f10d0","thumb":"/img/t-s-eliot-480.jpg?v=27f7cf7f","width":1024,"height":1005,"alt":"The plaque to T. S. Eliot","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Edwardx, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:T_S_Eliot_3_Kensington_Court_Gardens_blue_plaque.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/t-s-eliot-2.jpg?v=9391ed74","thumb":"/img/t-s-eliot-2-480.jpg?v=fbe74efa","width":432,"height":500,"alt":"Portrait of T. S. Eliot","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Thomas Stearns Eliot with his sister and his cousin by Lady Ottoline Morrell.jpg : Lady Ottoline Morrell (1873\u20131938) derivative work: Octave.H, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas_Stearns_Eliot_by_Lady_Ottoline_Morrell_(1934).jpg","thumb_width":414}],"from":null,"country":"us","country_name":"United States","also":null,"years":"1957\u20131965","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"T. S. Eliot, 3 Kensington Court Gardens, W8 5QE, London","in_area":{"slug":"kensington","name":"Kensington"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Victoria Road","s":"victoria-road","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":231},{"n":"Guillam Gloucester Road","s":"guillam-gloucester-road","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":300},{"n":"Aux Merveilleux de Fred Kensington","s":"aux-merveilleux-de-fred-kensington","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":322}],"near_same":[{"s":"rudolf-nureyev","m":146},{"s":"henry-james","m":188},{"s":"ezra-pound","m":440},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":720},{"s":"ugo-foscolo","m":852},{"s":"cetshwayo","m":1000}]},{"slug":"talleyrand","name":"Talleyrand","area":"Mayfair","address":"21 Hanover Square, W1S 1JW","station":"Bond Street","walk":2,"lat":51.513553,"lng":-0.144261,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5616345470","types":["c-fr","europe","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The embassy of the man who had served every French regime for forty years and outlived them all.","note":"Talleyrand was a bishop under the old regime, a minister under the Directory, Napoleon's foreign minister and then his betrayer, and the man who represented defeated France at Vienna so well that it lost almost nothing. In 1830, at 76, the new King Louis-Philippe sent him to London as ambassador, and from this house on Hanover Square he ran the conference that created Belgium, drawing its frontiers and choosing its king.\n\nHe had been here before, as a refugee in 1792, until Britain expelled him to America. This time he stayed four years and left in 1834, and died in Paris in 1838 having made his peace with the Church at the last possible moment. The plaque went up in 1978.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/talleyrand.jpg?v=1e58df0b","thumb":"/img/talleyrand-480.jpg?v=438b8b17","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Talleyrand's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PRINCE_TALLEYRAND_-_21_Hanover_Square_Mayfair_London_W1S_1JW.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/talleyrand-2.jpg?v=be10ddab","thumb":"/img/talleyrand-2-480.jpg?v=9dd47a1e","width":701,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Talleyrand","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Fran\u00e7ois G\u00e9rard, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_Maurice_de_Talleyrand-P%C3%A9rigord_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_G%C3%A9rard,_1808.jpg","thumb_width":328}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1830\u20131834","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Talleyrand, 21 Hanover Square, W1S 1JW, London","in_area":{"slug":"mayfair","name":"Mayfair"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"WatchHouse Hanover","s":"watchhouse-hanover","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":59},{"n":"Pace","s":"pace","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":98},{"n":"Annely Juda Fine Art","s":"annely-juda-fine-art","c":"art","cn":"Art","m":99}],"near_same":[{"s":"jimi-hendrix","m":124},{"s":"handel-hendrix-house","m":131},{"s":"alexander-korda","m":269},{"s":"john-adams","m":438},{"s":"canaletto-in-beak-street","m":482},{"s":"joseph-haydn","m":558}]},{"slug":"tamara-karsavina","name":"Tamara Karsavina","area":"Vale of Health","address":"108 Frognal, NW3 6XU","station":"Hampstead","walk":3,"lat":51.557256,"lng":-0.181825,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/110502285","types":["c-ru","europe","exile","stage"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Hampstead home of the ballerina who danced the first Firebird and taught the English to dance.","note":"Karsavina was the star of the Ballets Russes when it burst on Paris in 1909, Nijinsky's partner in Le Spectre de la rose and Petrushka and the first Firebird, created for her by Stravinsky and Fokine in 1910. She married a British diplomat, Henry Bruce, in 1917 and left Russia as the revolution closed behind her. In London she helped found the Royal Academy of Dance, coached Margot Fonteyn in the roles she had made, and wrote Theatre Street, one of the best memoirs of a dancer's life. She lived in this house on Frognal.\n\nShe died in 1978 at 93, the last of the company that had changed everything. The plaque went up in 2016.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/tamara-karsavina.jpg?v=a3009227","thumb":"/img/tamara-karsavina-480.jpg?v=9865f46a","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Tamara Karsavina's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Gareth E Kegg, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:108Frognal.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/tamara-karsavina-2.jpg?v=ac057b7c","thumb":"/img/tamara-karsavina-2-480.jpg?v=9cbee966","width":583,"height":701,"alt":"Portrait of Tamara Karsavina","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Gilbertus, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tamara_Karsavina_as_Armide_in_Pavillon_d_Armide_1911.jpg","thumb_width":399}],"from":null,"country":"ru","country_name":"Russia","also":null,"years":null,"plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Tamara Karsavina, 108 Frognal, NW3 6XU, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"John Harrison's tomb, Hampstead","s":"john-harrisons-tomb-hampstead","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":228},{"n":"Fenton House","s":"fenton-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":233},{"n":"Ginger & White","s":"ginger-white","c":"breakfast","cn":"Breakfast & Brunch","m":331}],"near_same":[{"s":"paul-robeson","m":402},{"s":"katherine-mansfield","m":611},{"s":"rabindranath-tagore","m":700},{"s":"elias-canetti","m":709},{"s":"freud-museum","m":1040},{"s":"tomas-masaryk","m":1043}]},{"slug":"choshu-five","name":"The Ch\u014dsh\u016b Five","area":"St Pancras","address":"Wilkins Building, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT","station":"Euston Square","walk":2,"lat":51.524721,"lng":-0.133513,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/680050665","types":["asia-pacific","c-jp","statesman","student"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The college where five young samurai, smuggled out of Japan on pain of death, learned how a modern country worked.","note":"In 1863 leaving Japan was a capital crime, and five young men from the Ch\u014dsh\u016b domain left anyway, hidden by Jardine Matheson on a ship to London, to see the enemy they had been told to expel. They studied at University College under the chemist Alexander Williamson and learned enough to change their minds. It\u014d Hirobumi became Japan's first prime minister and wrote its constitution; Inoue Kaoru its foreign minister; Yamao Y\u014dz\u014d founded its engineering education; End\u014d Kinsuke ran the Mint; Inoue Masaru built its railways.\n\nA memorial to the five stands in the college's front quadrangle behind the portico, put up in 1993, and Japan still sends students to see it.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/choshu-five.jpg?v=ce6fabdc","thumb":"/img/choshu-five-480.jpg?v=7ff4c51c","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The portico of the Wilkins Building at University College London","caption":"The Wilkins Building at University College London, where the five studied; the memorial to them is in the quadrangle behind the portico.","credit":"Photo by LordHarris at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UCL_Portico_Building.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/choshu-five-2.jpg?v=3eac8b94","thumb":"/img/choshu-five-2-480.jpg?v=b736158a","width":753,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of The Ch\u014dsh\u016b Five","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IT%C5%8C_Hirobumi.jpg","thumb_width":353}],"from":null,"country":"jp","country_name":"Japan","also":null,"years":"1863","plaque":null,"maps_q":"The Ch\u014dsh\u016b Five, Wilkins Building, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London","in_area":{"slug":"bloomsbury","name":"Bloomsbury"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Galton Collection","s":"galton-collection","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":6},{"n":"UCL Geology Collections","s":"ucl-geology-collections","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":6},{"n":"Getting Triggy With It: Matt Parker does the maths","s":"getting-triggy-with-it-matt-parker-does-the-maths","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":60}],"near_same":[{"s":"francisco-de-miranda","m":336},{"s":"olaudah-equiano","m":687},{"s":"ram-mohan-roy","m":744},{"s":"carl-maria-von-weber","m":852},{"s":"stefan-zweig","m":856},{"s":"george-padmore","m":947}]},{"slug":"isokon-building","name":"The Isokon Bauhaus \u00e9migr\u00e9s","area":"Belsize Park","address":"Lawn Road, NW3 2XD","station":"Belsize Park","walk":3,"lat":51.551942,"lng":-0.162044,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7841628525","types":["c-de","europe","exile","free","inside","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The concrete ship of a building where the Bauhaus washed up in London.","note":"When the Nazis closed the Bauhaus and Germany closed in, its masters came here. Walter Gropius, who had founded the school, lived in the Lawn Road Flats from 1934 to 1937, Marcel Breuer and L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Moholy-Nagy from 1935, all three in the block Wells Coates had designed the year before as an experiment in minimal living, with an Isobar for a canteen and Agatha Christie for a neighbour. Breuer's plywood furniture for the building's own company, Isokon, came from these years. Then America called: Gropius to Harvard, Breuer with him, Moholy-Nagy to Chicago to found a new Bauhaus.\n\nThe building was restored in 2004, and the Isokon Gallery in the old garage tells the story. The plaque to the three went up in 2019.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/isokon-building.jpg?v=868ef1c2","thumb":"/img/isokon-building-480.jpg?v=15419628","width":1024,"height":641,"alt":"Isokon Flats, Lawn Road","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Jim Osley, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isokon_Flats,_Lawn_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2670870.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":null,"from":"architecture/isokon-building","country":"de","country_name":"Germany","also":["Hungary"],"years":"1934\u20131937","plaque":"English Heritage","also_in":[{"name":"Architecture","href":"/architecture/isokon-building/"}],"maps_q":"The Isokon Bauhaus \u00e9migr\u00e9s, Lawn Road, NW3 2XD, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Redemption Roasters","s":"redemption-roasters","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":507},{"n":"Badiani Hampstead Heath","s":"badiani-hampstead-heath","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":514},{"n":"Keats House","s":"keats-house","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":581}],"near_same":[{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":260},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":310},{"s":"elias-canetti","m":798},{"s":"b-r-ambedkar","m":1074},{"s":"freud-museum","m":1135},{"s":"jose-rizal","m":1310}]},{"slug":"tomas-masaryk","name":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Masaryk","area":"Childs Hill","address":"21 Platt's Lane, NW3 7NP","station":"Cricklewood","walk":15,"lat":51.560267,"lng":-0.196128,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":null,"types":["c-cz","europe","exile","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Hampstead house where Czechoslovakia was argued into existence during the First World War.","note":"Masaryk was a professor of philosophy in Prague and a deputy in the Vienna parliament when the war began, and in December 1914 he left Austria-Hungary for good to work for its break-up. In London from 1915 he lectured at King's College, helped found the School of Slavonic Studies with Robert Seton-Watson, ran the Czechoslovak National Council and persuaded the Allies that a Czech and Slovak state should exist. He lived in this house on Platt's Lane, and the plaque, put up by the Czech and Slovak community, calls him what his country did: President Liberator.\n\nHe was president from 1918 until 1935 and died in 1937, the year before Munich. The flag is the Czech Republic's; the state he made lasted seventy-four years.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/tomas-masaryk.jpg?v=ee74be4e","thumb":"/img/tomas-masaryk-480.jpg?v=338a6378","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Masaryk's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:T._G._Masaryk_-_21_Platts_Lane_Hampstead_NW3.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/tomas-masaryk-2.jpg?v=5f610541","thumb":"/img/tomas-masaryk-2-480.jpg?v=e29e3ca5","width":786,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Tom\u00e1\u0161 Masaryk","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Podobiznu presidentovu dle fotografie z roku 1918 provedl heliogravurou \u0160tenc\u016fv grafick\u00fd \u00fastav v Praze, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MasarykFotoPrvniPoselstviTGM.jpg","thumb_width":368}],"from":null,"country":"cz","country_name":"Czech Republic","also":null,"years":"1915\u20131918","plaque":null,"maps_q":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Masaryk, 21 Platt's Lane, NW3 7NP, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Hampstead Observatory","s":"hampstead-observatory","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":1112},{"n":"John Harrison's tomb, Hampstead","s":"john-harrisons-tomb-hampstead","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":1178},{"n":"Camden Arts Centre","s":"camden-arts-centre","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1335}],"near_same":[{"s":"paul-robeson","m":898},{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":1043},{"s":"una-marson","m":1049},{"s":"anna-pavlova","m":1186},{"s":"nikolaus-pevsner","m":1341},{"s":"rabindranath-tagore","m":1374}]},{"slug":"ugo-foscolo","name":"Ugo Foscolo","area":"Kensington","address":"19 Edwardes Square, W8 6HE","station":"High Street Kensington","walk":7,"lat":51.497357,"lng":-0.19932,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7732890187","types":["c-it","europe","exile","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The exile of Italy's great romantic poet, who refused the Austrians and died forgotten in Turnham Green.","note":"Foscolo wrote the poem every Italian schoolchild learns, Dei Sepolcri, and the novel that made suicide fashionable, Jacopo Ortis, and when the Austrians took over Milan in 1815 he refused to swear allegiance and left. He came to London in 1816, was lionised, lectured and spent, and lived here on Edwardes Square in 1817 and 1818 in a house he could not afford. Debts drove him from one address to another and he died at Turnham Green in 1827.\n\nItaly, once it existed, brought him home: his remains were moved to Santa Croce in Florence in 1871, to lie among the tombs he had written about. The plaque went up in 1922.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/ugo-foscolo.jpg?v=2a8df195","thumb":"/img/ugo-foscolo-480.jpg?v=262a4175","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Ugo Foscolo's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UGO_FOSCOLO_-_19_Edwardes_Square_Kensington_London_W8_6HE.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/ugo-foscolo-2.jpg?v=d42b6982","thumb":"/img/ugo-foscolo-2-480.jpg?v=7c6eda22","width":807,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Ugo Foscolo","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier Fabre, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ugo_Foscolo.jpg","thumb_width":378}],"from":null,"country":"it","country_name":"Italy","also":null,"years":"1817\u20131818","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Ugo Foscolo, 19 Edwardes Square, W8 6HE, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Opera Holland Park sings in Earls Court","s":"opera-holland-park-sings-in-earls-court","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":277},{"n":"Design Museum","s":"design-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":287},{"n":"Leighton House Museum","s":"leighton-house-museum","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":295}],"near_same":[{"s":"cetshwayo","m":289},{"s":"learie-constantine","m":357},{"s":"chaim-weizmann","m":712},{"s":"ezra-pound","m":716},{"s":"muhammad-ali-jinnah","m":754},{"s":"t-s-eliot","m":852}]},{"slug":"una-marson","name":"Una Marson","area":"West Hampstead","address":"The Mansions, 33 Mill Lane, NW6 1NY","station":"Kilburn","walk":7,"lat":51.551336,"lng":-0.201032,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/11509123047","types":["c-jm","caribbean","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The BBC's first Black woman producer, who put the Caribbean's writers on the air from a flat in West Hampstead.","note":"Marson was already Jamaica's leading poet and playwright when she came to London in 1932, and she spent the decade in the thick of things: secretary to the League of Coloured Peoples, then to Haile Selassie in his exile after Italy invaded Ethiopia, whom she accompanied to the League of Nations. In 1941 the BBC hired her, and the programme she made, Caribbean Voices, became the place where Naipaul, Selvon, Walcott and Lamming were first heard. She lived in a flat in The Mansions on Mill Lane in those years.\n\nShe went back to Jamaica in 1945 and died there in 1965. English Heritage put the plaque up in 2024.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/una-marson.jpg?v=47adfb0a","thumb":"/img/una-marson-480.jpg?v=fe002ecd","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"Una Marson's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UNA_MARSON_-_The_Mansions_33_Mill_Lane_West_Hampstead_NW6_1NY.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/una-marson-2.jpg?v=f15c285c","thumb":"/img/una-marson-2.jpg?v=f15c285c","width":300,"height":334,"alt":"Portrait of Una Marson","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Anonymous Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Una_Marson_-_BBC_-_WWII.jpg"}],"from":null,"country":"jm","country_name":"Jamaica","also":null,"years":"1940s","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Una Marson, The Mansions, 33 Mill Lane, NW6 1NY, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Kiln Theatre","s":"kiln-theatre","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":913},{"n":"Camden Arts Centre","s":"camden-arts-centre","c":"museums","cn":"Museums","m":1213},{"n":"John Harrison's tomb, Hampstead","s":"john-harrisons-tomb-hampstead","c":"science","cn":"Science & Engineering","m":1444}],"near_same":[{"s":"tomas-masaryk","m":1049},{"s":"tamara-karsavina","m":1482},{"s":"paul-robeson","m":1621},{"s":"freud-museum","m":1668},{"s":"elias-canetti","m":1944},{"s":"melanie-klein","m":2046}]},{"slug":"v-k-krishna-menon","name":"V. K. Krishna Menon","area":"Shepherd's Hill","address":"30 Langdon Park Road, N6 5QG","station":"Highgate","walk":9,"lat":51.573012,"lng":-0.138717,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7999536892","types":["asia-pacific","c-in","campaigner","statesman"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Highgate home of the man who ran the campaign for Indian independence from a London borough council.","note":"Krishna Menon came from Kerala to study at the LSE in 1924 and stayed twenty-three years, most of them as secretary of the India League, the organisation that put the case for independence to the British public, and as a Labour councillor in St Pancras, where he built its libraries. Nehru was his closest friend and, when independence came in 1947, made him India's first High Commissioner in London. He lived in this house on Langdon Park Road.\n\nHe went home to be Nehru's defence minister and fell in the border war with China in 1962. The plaque went up in 2013; St Pancras made him a freeman in 1955, the first Indian to be one.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/v-k-krishna-menon.jpg?v=6a80c6af","thumb":"/img/v-k-krishna-menon-480.jpg?v=97cfa346","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"V. K. Krishna Menon's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:V.K._KRISHNA_MENON_-_30_Langdon_Park_Road_Highgate_London_N6_5QG.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/v-k-krishna-menon-2.jpg?v=609ee0bd","thumb":"/img/v-k-krishna-menon-2-480.jpg?v=589233f5","width":656,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of V. K. Krishna Menon","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:V._K._Krishna_Menon_(cropped).jpg","thumb_width":308}],"from":null,"country":"in","country_name":"India","also":null,"years":null,"plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"V. K. Krishna Menon, 30 Langdon Park Road, N6 5QG, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Highgate Cemetery","s":"highgate-cemetery","c":"whats-on","cn":"What\u2019s On","m":869},{"n":"Margot Bakery","s":"margot-bakery","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":876},{"n":"Coffee Circus","s":"coffee-circus","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":1185}],"near_same":[{"s":"india-house-highgate","m":378},{"s":"kwame-nkrumah","m":1924},{"s":"oliver-tambo","m":2760},{"s":"piet-mondrian","m":2817},{"s":"isokon-building","m":2844},{"s":"chiang-yee","m":2853}]},{"slug":"vincent-van-gogh","name":"Vincent van Gogh","area":"Stockwell Park","address":"87 Hackford Road, SW9 0RE","station":"Stockwell","walk":7,"lat":51.474527,"lng":-0.11524,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":"https://www.vangoghhouse.co.uk/visit","hours_short":"Guided tours on the last weekend of every month, booked on its own site","hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":"https://www.vangoghhouse.co.uk/","instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/8039445111","types":["c-nl","europe","inside","painter"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The Stockwell lodging house where a twenty-year-old art dealer fell in love and began to be Van Gogh.","note":"Van Gogh came to London in 1873 to work at the Covent Garden branch of Goupil, the Paris picture dealers, and took a room here with the widow Ursula Loyer and her daughter Eugenie, walking to the Strand each morning. He was happy, he wrote to Theo, until he told Eugenie he loved her and learned she was engaged. He left the house in August 1874, and something in him had shifted; the religion, the misery and the painting all came after.\n\nThe house was bought in 2012, restored to its 1873 plan, and opened in 2019 as Van Gogh House, with residencies for artists and guided tours on the last weekend of each month. The plaque is from 1973.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/vincent-van-gogh.jpg?v=35d88394","thumb":"/img/vincent-van-gogh-480.jpg?v=b0bb5975","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Vincent van Gogh's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VINCENT_VAN_GOGH_1853-1890_Painter_lived_here_1873-1874.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/vincent-van-gogh-2.jpg?v=fe49812a","thumb":"/img/vincent-van-gogh-2-480.jpg?v=39744255","width":749,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Vincent van Gogh","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Vincent van Gogh, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Self-portrait_-_Vincent_van_Gogh.jpg","thumb_width":351}],"from":null,"country":"nl","country_name":"Netherlands","also":null,"years":"1873\u20131874","plaque":"English Heritage","also_in":[{"name":"Art","href":"/art/vincent-van-gogh/"}],"maps_q":"Vincent van Gogh, 87 Hackford Road, SW9 0RE, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Brixton Jamm","s":"brixton-jamm","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":480},{"n":"Moonstruck Cafe","s":"moonstruck-cafe","c":"coffee","cn":"Coffee","m":680},{"n":"O2 Academy Brixton","s":"o2-academy-brixton","c":"venues","cn":"Performance venues","m":1049}],"near_same":[{"s":"c-l-r-james","m":2092},{"s":"natsume-soseki","m":2453},{"s":"swami-vivekananda","m":2680},{"s":"jomo-kenyatta","m":2798},{"s":"joseph-conrad","m":2874},{"s":"john-singer-sargent","m":3350}]},{"slug":"voltaire","name":"Voltaire","area":"Covent Garden","address":"10 Maiden Lane, WC2E 7NA","station":"Covent Garden","walk":4,"lat":51.510674,"lng":-0.122893,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"way/99952203","types":["c-fr","europe","exile","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"Where Voltaire lodged above a wigmaker's, and learned what a free country looked like.","note":"Voltaire came to England in 1726 straight from the Bastille, imprisoned for wanting to duel a nobleman who had had him beaten, and released on condition that he left France. He lodged at the White Peruke, a wigmaker's in Maiden Lane, in 1727 and 1728, learned English well enough to write it, watched Newton's funeral in the Abbey, met Swift, Pope and Congreve, and was astonished by a country where a merchant was respected, a Quaker could argue with a bishop and the king could not lock a man up on a whim.\n\nHe put it all into the Letters Concerning the English Nation, published in London in 1733 and burned in Paris the next year, and it became one of the founding documents of the Enlightenment. Westminster's plaque is on the theatre that stands on the site.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/voltaire.jpg?v=c91fef0a","thumb":"/img/voltaire-480.jpg?v=714f4aee","width":768,"height":1024,"alt":"Voltaire's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voltaire_-_10_Maiden_Lane_London_WC2E_7NA.jpg","thumb_width":360},"figures":[{"src":"/img/voltaire-2.jpg?v=e9464088","thumb":"/img/voltaire-2-480.jpg?v=b67e86d4","width":682,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Voltaire","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Nicolas de Largilli\u00e8re, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nicolas_de_Largilli%C3%A8re_-_Portrait_de_Voltaire_(1694-1778)_en_1718_-_P208_-_Mus%C3%A9e_Carnavalet_-_2.jpg","thumb_width":320}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1727\u20131728","plaque":"Westminster City Council","maps_q":"Voltaire, 10 Maiden Lane, WC2E 7NA, London","in_area":{"slug":"covent-garden","name":"Covent Garden"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Maiden Lane","s":"maiden-lane","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":20},{"n":"Sakurado","s":"sakurado-covent-garden","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":60},{"n":"St Paul's Covent Garden","s":"st-pauls-covent-garden","c":"sacred","cn":"Sacred London","m":111}],"near_same":[{"s":"claude-monet","m":192},{"s":"benjamin-franklin-house","m":363},{"s":"heinrich-heine","m":382},{"s":"ho-chi-minh","m":687},{"s":"karl-marx","m":769},{"s":"mary-seacole","m":859}]},{"slug":"w-h-hudson","name":"W. H. Hudson","area":"Westbourne","address":"40 St Luke's Road, W11 1DP","station":"Westbourne Park","walk":2,"lat":51.519618,"lng":-0.203208,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7222893570","types":["c-ar","latin-america","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The naturalist from the pampas who taught the English to look at their own birds, in a house he called Tower House.","note":"Hudson was born in 1841 on the grasslands south of Buenos Aires, to American parents, and grew up on horseback watching birds. He came to England in 1874, married a singer and lived in poverty for years, and from 1886 until his death in 1922 lived here, a tall gloomy house he named Tower House. From it came Green Mansions, the story of the bird-girl Rima that sold in the hundreds of thousands; Far Away and Long Ago, his memoir of a childhood in Argentina; and the books about English downs and birds that made him an early force in the RSPB.\n\nArgentina, which knows him as Guillermo Enrique Hudson, keeps his birthplace as a museum and put a second plaque here, with a relief of the house where he was born. Epstein's memorial to him, the carved Rima, is in Hyde Park.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/w-h-hudson.jpg?v=4375c6e9","thumb":"/img/w-h-hudson-480.jpg?v=32289750","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The plaque to W. H. Hudson","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Megalit, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Henry_Hudson_plaque.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/w-h-hudson-2.jpg?v=d49e3262","thumb":"/img/w-h-hudson-2-480.jpg?v=d0376b2d","width":706,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of W. H. Hudson","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Henry_Hudson.png","thumb_width":331}],"from":null,"country":"ar","country_name":"Argentina","also":null,"years":"1886\u20131922","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"W. H. Hudson, 40 St Luke's Road, W11 1DP, London","bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Darlish Notting Hill","s":"darlish-notting-hill","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":358},{"n":"Fabrique Bakery","s":"fabrique-bakery","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":360},{"n":"The Distillery","s":"the-distillery","c":"cocktails","cn":"Cocktails","m":411}],"near_same":[{"s":"claudia-jones","m":290},{"s":"guglielmo-marconi","m":694},{"s":"jawaharlal-nehru","m":711},{"s":"lajos-kossuth","m":840},{"s":"richard-wagner","m":1345},{"s":"alexander-herzen","m":1384}]},{"slug":"wolfgang-amadeus-mozart","name":"Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart","area":"Belgravia","address":"180 Ebury Street, SW1W 8UP","station":"Sloane Square","walk":3,"lat":51.491416,"lng":-0.152483,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/5188048788","types":["c-at","europe","music"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The house where an eight-year-old wrote his first symphony while his father was ill upstairs.","note":"The Mozarts came to London in April 1764, Leopold parading the children before George III and Queen Charlotte, and in August Leopold caught a chill and the family moved out of town to lodgings here, then Five Fields Row, Chelsea, so that he could recover in quiet. Forbidden to touch a keyboard while his father slept, Wolfgang wrote instead, and the result was his first symphony, in E flat, K.16, composed at eight years old in this house.\n\nThey stayed until September and left England the following summer, having met Johann Christian Bach, whose music shaped Mozart's for years. The plaque is from 1939. There is a second, to the whole family, on Frith Street in Soho.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/wolfgang-amadeus-mozart.jpg?v=79e3b0a1","thumb":"/img/wolfgang-amadeus-mozart-480.jpg?v=397d2da5","width":1023,"height":1024,"alt":"Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's house in London","caption":"","credit":"Photo by A J Paxton, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mozart_was_here,_pair_of_houses,_180_%5E_182_Ebury_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_8013426.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/wolfgang-amadeus-mozart-2.jpg?v=8e3c3410","thumb":"/img/wolfgang-amadeus-mozart-2-480.jpg?v=c6fccc2c","width":799,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Barbara Krafft, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wolfgang-amadeus-mozart_1.jpg","thumb_width":374}],"from":null,"country":"at","country_name":"Austria","also":null,"years":"1764\u20131765","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 180 Ebury Street, SW1W 8UP, London","in_area":{"slug":"belgravia","name":"Belgravia"},"bank":1,"near_all":[{"n":"Peggy Porschen","s":"peggy-porschen","c":"desserts","cn":"Desserts & Gelato","m":248},{"n":"Elizabeth Street","s":"elizabeth-street","c":"beautiful-streets","cn":"Beautiful Streets","m":267},{"n":"Poil\u00e2ne","s":"poilane","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":289}],"near_same":[{"s":"prince-metternich","m":435},{"s":"percy-grainger","m":467},{"s":"jomo-kenyatta","m":673},{"s":"felix-mendelssohn","m":748},{"s":"swami-vivekananda","m":792},{"s":"joseph-conrad","m":816}]},{"slug":"emile-zola","name":"\u00c9mile Zola","area":"Upper Norwood","address":"Queen's Hotel, 122 Church Road, SE19 2UG","station":"Crystal Palace","walk":11,"lat":51.415005,"lng":-0.083332,"hours":null,"hours_raw":null,"hours_source":null,"hours_url":null,"hours_short":null,"hours_checked":null,"hours_extra":null,"runs":null,"website":null,"instagram":null,"attrs":[],"osm":"node/7982297524","types":["c-fr","europe","exile","writer"],"deep":null,"scope":null,"scope_icon":null,"route":null,"venue_group":null,"geo":null,"geo_zone":null,"verdict":"The suburban hotel where Zola hid for a year after J'accuse.","note":"In January 1898 Zola published J'accuse, an open letter to the President of France charging the army with framing Captain Dreyfus, and in July, convicted of libel and facing prison, he took a train to London with a nightshirt wrapped in a newspaper. He spent eleven months in Upper Norwood, most of it here at the Queen's Hotel under a false name, seeing almost nobody, learning to ride a bicycle, photographing the streets and writing a novel, F\u00e9condit\u00e9, at his usual rate of four pages a day.\n\nHe went home in June 1899 when Dreyfus was granted a retrial, and died in 1902 of fumes from a blocked chimney that many still think was no accident. The hotel is still a hotel; the plaque went up in 2005.","note_links":null,"reading":null,"figure":{"src":"/img/emile-zola.jpg?v=ef1e65f5","thumb":"/img/emile-zola-480.jpg?v=9042fe82","width":1024,"height":768,"alt":"The Queen's Hotel on Church Road, Upper Norwood","caption":"","credit":"Photo by Spudgun67, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Queen%27s_Hotel_122_Church_Road_Upper_Norwood_SE19_2UG.jpg","thumb_width":480},"figures":[{"src":"/img/emile-zola-2.jpg?v=feaff71c","thumb":"/img/emile-zola-2-480.jpg?v=3506c1d5","width":739,"height":1024,"alt":"Portrait of \u00c9mile Zola","caption":"","credit":"Photo by \u00c9mile Zola, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","credit_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emile_Zola_1902.jpg","thumb_width":346}],"from":null,"country":"fr","country_name":"France","also":null,"years":"1898\u20131899","plaque":"English Heritage","maps_q":"\u00c9mile Zola, Queen's Hotel, 122 Church Road, SE19 2UG, London","bank":0,"near_all":[{"n":"Chatsworth Bakehouse","s":"chatsworth-bakehouse","c":"bakeries","cn":"Bakeries","m":784},{"n":"Crystal Palace Terraces","s":"crystal-palace-terraces","c":"monuments","cn":"Monuments & Ruins","m":873},{"n":"Crystal Palace Subway","s":"crystal-palace-subway","c":"architecture","cn":"Architecture","m":890}],"near_same":[{"s":"camille-pissarro","m":615},{"s":"ira-aldridge","m":735},{"s":"dadabhai-naoroji","m":1227},{"s":"c-l-r-james","m":4885},{"s":"harold-moody","m":6732},{"s":"peter-kropotkin","m":6852}]}]}